0016-7622/2013-81-6-733/$ 1.00 © GEOL. SOC. INDIA
JOURNAL GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA
Vol.81, June 2013, pp.733-736
K-rich Titanate from the Jharia Ultrapotassic Rock, Gondwana Coal
Fields, Eastern India, and its Petrological Significance
N. V. CHALAPATHI RAO
1
, ANUP K. SINHA
2
, SURESH KUMAR
1
and RAJESH K.SRIVASTAVA
1
1
Department of Geology, Centre of Advanced Study, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005
2
Dr. K.S. Krishnan Geomagnetic Res. Lab., Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Jhunshi, Allahabad - 221 505
Email: nvcr100@gmail.com
Abstract: We report a rare accessory groundmass mineral of K-rich titanate, having a composition close to that of
potassium triskaidecatitanate (K
2
Ti
13
O
27
), from an underground drill-core sample of ultrapotassic rock from south-
western part of the Jharia coal field in the Damodar valley, at the northern margin of the Singhbhum craton, Eastern
India. Potassium triskaidecatitanate is regarded as a typomorphic mineral of orangeites (Group II kimberlites) of Kaapvaal
craton, southern Africa, and its occurrence in the Jharia ultrapotassic rock is significant since ultrapotassic suite of rocks
elsewhere from the Damodar valley have been recently suggested to be peralkaline lamproites based on mineral-genetic
classification. The important role played by a unique geodynamic setting (involving a thinned metasomatised lithospheric
mantle and inheritance of an Archaean subduction component) at the northern margin of the Singhbhum craton in
deciding the petrological diversity of the early Cretaceous ultrapotassic intrusives from the Damodar valley is highlighted
in this study.
Keywords: K-titanate, ultrapotassic, Jharia, Damodar Valley, Singhbhum craton.
GEOLOGICAL SETUP AND PETROGRAPHY
The Damodar valley, located within the Chhottanagpur
Gneissic Complex, at the northern-most edge of the
Singhbhum craton, eastern India, is studded with several
Gondwana coal fields in disconnected sedimentary basins
along the E-W trending fault system (Fig.1A). These coal
fields are intruded by swarms of igneous intrusions of mafic
and ultramafic composition which occur mostly as dykes
and sills but also as rare cylindrical bodies (e.g., Kent et al.
1992; Mukherjee and Ghose, 1999; Paul, 2005). Available
age data suggests that the mafic as well as ultramafic
magmatism is of ca.114 Ma and is very likely to be related
to the interaction between the Kerguelen mantle-plume
activity and the Indian lithosphere during the early
Cretaceous (Kent et al. 1998).
The borehole sample JH8/BH2 of this study is from
Talgoria area, Parbatpura coal block, southwestern part of
Jharia coal field (Fig.1B). Geologically the Parbatpura coal
block is predominantly occupied by the rocks of Barren
Measure Formation and inliers of Barakar Formation. The
area is bounded by latitude 23
o
39'30"N to 23
o
42'55"N
and longitude 86
o
19'15"E to 86
o
22'30" E. The Barakar
Formation consists of coal beds and is intruded by
dolerite, and ultrapotassic dykes and sills. Petrography of
the sample JH8/BH2 reveals that it is characterised by
INTRODUCTION
The Cretaceous ultrapotassic intrusives occurring in the
Gondwana coal fields of Jharia, Raniganj, Bokaro, and
Karanpura in the Damodar valley, Chhotanagpur Gneissic
Terrain, at the northern most margin of the Singhbhum craton
in eastern India (Fig.1), have been a subject of petrological
interest for more than a century (see Mitchell, 2007). These
rocks are widely regarded as “difficult to classify” rocks
displaying petrological and geochemical characteristics of
orangeites (Group II kimberlites), lamprophyres, and
lamproites (Mukherjee, 1961; Middlemost et al. 1988; Rock
et al. 1992; Basu et al. 1997; Kent et al. 1998; Jia et al.
2003; Srivastava et al. 2009). Recently, Mitchell and
Fareeduddin (2009) carried out a comprehensive mineral-
genetic study of two ultrapotassic dykes from the Ranigunj
coal field and infer them to be lamproites (sensu lato) and
place them in the spectrum of such peralkaline rocks (var.
Damodar) having a common parental magma which was
generated from partial melting of the ancient metasomatised
lithospheric mantle. The purpose of this note is to report the
occurrence of a rare K-titanate mineral from one such
ultrapotassic dyke in the Jharia coal field and relate its
significance in the context of petrological complexity and
nomenclature of the Early Cretaceous peralkaline intrusives
from the Damodar valley.