International Journal of PharmTech Research CODEN (USA): IJPRIF ISSN : 0974-4304 Vol.6, No.1, pp 403-408, Jan-March 2014 Nephroprotective activity of Ethanolic Extract of Orthosiphon stamineus Leaves on Ethylene Glycol induced Urolithiasis in Albino Rats K. Ramesh, S Manohar and S. Rajeshkumar* Department of Biochemistry, Adhiparasakthi College of Arts and Science Kalavai – 632506, Vellore District, TN, India. *Corres.author: j3ssrajesh@gmail.com, srajeshkumar@sify.com Abstract: Orthosiphon stamineus is the one of the important medicinal plant which used for kidney based problems traditionally. In the present investigation the ethanolic extracts of O. stamineus leaves have been used for the nephroprotective activity. The ethylene glycol used to inducing the urolithiasis in albino rats. The rats are divided into four groups namely I (Normal), II (Ethylene glycol induced), III (commercial drug treated) and IV (O.stamineus extract treated). The final results shows the ethonolic extracts of plants have good nephroprotective activity when compared with the standard drug. It was proved by analyzing the biomarkers and enzymes level. The results show the good nephroprotective herbal commonly used in tea and easily available medicinal plants for all peoples. . Key words: Nephroprotective activity, Orthosiphon stamineus, ethanolic extracts, medical. Introduction The problems related with kidney are the major problem for humanbeings throughout the world because kidney is the major excretory organ in animals and humans. The major functions of kidney is balancing of electrolytes and regulation of water, production of erythrocytes by stimulating the function of erythropoiesis, regulationg the acid base balance, regulation of blood calcium level, and it involves the process of gluco neogenesis. There is many of the diseases are affecting the kidney like Acute renal failure and chronic renal failure, chronic renal failure, uremia, anemia in chronic renal failure, bartter’s syndrome, fanconi’s syndrome, hypertension and the kidney, urethitis, polycystic dissease, renal hypophosphatemia, renal glycosuria, nepherogeic diabetes insipidus, renal caluli and kidney stones. Using of herbal plant extracts for the nephroprotective activity is the best method in the traditional medicine. Because when we use the chemical compounds may induce the side effects for the many organs of our body. But plants are having lot of phytochemicals which heal the kidney damages without and side effects. Orthosiphon stamineus is a medicinal one of the important medicinal plant in Asian countries coming under the family of lamiaceae. the leaves of this plants is famous for the Java tea in European countries and south east Asia [1]. There is a lot of biochemicals present in the plant extracts have been play an important role