© Northcentral University | 2014 Journal of Online Doctoral Education
ISSN: 2330-4391 Online Volume 1 Issue 1 Summer 2014
6
Quality Considerations in the Design and Implementation of an Online Doctoral Program
Swapna Kumar, Ph.D.
School of Teaching and Learning
University of Florida
Author Note: Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Swapna Kumar, School of
Teaching and Learning, University of Florida. E-mail: swapnakumar@coe.ufl.edu
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Abstract
This article presents one approach to the design and implementation of a quality online doctoral program in
which students engage in a community of inquiry to connect theory, research, and practice. Based on research
in an online professional doctorate in education, faculty presence, social presence, cognitive presence, and
learning presence (Garrison, Anderson, & Archer, 2001), online doctoral environments are discussed along
with other considerations such as the provision of support for information literacy support, research
preparation, and faculty mentoring. The discussion of online doctoral program quality and design is
applicable to online doctoral programs and professional doctorates in all disciplines.
Keywords: online doctoral program, online program quality, quality online education, community of
inquiry, online program design
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
Introduction
The growth of online education in the US has
been accompanied by the emergence of online
programs in various disciplines as universities
attempt to meet the needs of millions of students
looking for opportunities to learn online. Doctoral
programs that traditionally used an
apprenticeship model are also being offered in
hybrid or online formats. Since 2008 in
educational technology and related fields, for
instance, six new doctoral programs have
emerged in the US that are offered in hybrid or
online format by not-for-profit, brick-and-mortar
universities. Despite online program offerings and
the number of students taking online courses
(Allen & Seaman, 2013), the rigor and quality of
online programs remain a concern as online
degrees—whether bachelor’s, master’s, or
doctorate—continue to be viewed skeptically by
academics and employers. Some of these concerns
are justified due to the relative newness of online
doctoral programs and the scarcity of data about
them. Online doctoral programs encompass
varying degrees of quality, similar to traditional
doctoral programs that provide a wide range of
learning experiences for students and succeed to