Proposed Framework for End-Of-Life Vehicle Recycling System Implementation in Malaysia Muhammad Azmi 1 , Muhamad Zameri Mat Saman 1 , Safian Sharif 1 , Norhayati Zakuan 2 , Salwa Mahmood 1 1 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia 2 Faculty of Management and Human Resource Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia Abstract Normally in Malaysia, vehicles are being used extensively regardless of its age or condition. This situation is not only limited to rural areas but also exists in major cities. Vehicle manufacturers only expected their vehicles to last between 10 to 15 years, hence vehicles exceeding this limit are considered as End-of-Life Vehicle (ELV). The extensive usage of ELV may lead to vehicle failure which threatens the safety of its user as well as other road users. ELV usage also contributes to environmental pollution due to obsolete combustion technologies and inefficient fuel consumption. In order to find a solution for this ELV management problem, a framework needs to be developed. Prior to that, a survey was also done to study the current practice being applied in Malaysia. This paper uses SWOT analysis of existing framework applied by other countries and uses the advantage as adaptation for Malaysian ELV Recycling Framework. This framework is expected to assist the government in drafting new ELV related policies. Keywords: ELV; Framework; Vehicle Recycling; Vehicle Recovery 1 INTRODUCTION Total number of vehicle in Malaysia had reached a cumulative amount of 21.25 million vehicles at the end of year 2010 with an average of 12% increase of vehicle registration each year over the period of 5 years. If the estimation was to be continued, Malaysia will have as much as 31 million vehicles in the year 2020. As the automotive industry develops, its impact to the environment also increases. Thus, a proper solution of managing waste is needed to sustain the environment and reduce human impact towards nature. The disposal of End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs) is of high concern to achieve sustainable development in any country. Maximum recovery and recycling needed to be achieved to reduce waste discharge and to change the image of the automobile industry through environmentally sound management. Lately, ELV management has been launched extensively in developed nations to establish an appropriate recycling system using the best available technologies. For European Union, the End-of- Life Vehicle Directive has passed laws to the member countries to reuse and recover 85% by weight of the average vehicle in year 2006 and this percentage is expected to increase to 95% by year 2015. After the establishment of National Car Project in 1985, the automotive industry in Malaysia has grown tremendously. However, Malaysia has not dealt with the environmental impact of the automotive industry sustainable development. To date, directive or legislation on End-of-Life Vehicles for the automotive industry has not been established even though an attempt was done in 2009 but later withdrawn due to fierce rejection by public. It was known later that the legislation was introduced without proper research and has too many loose ends. As a result, Malaysia have a very low vehicle scrap rate and relatively high vehicle age. Several countries in Asia have started the effort on reversing the problem of ELV accumulation or overpopulation. This campaign was triggered by the European Union (EU) with an ELV law in September 2000 and had since lead Japan and Korea to follow suit with tailored version of ELV Law. These countries recognized that a distinct ELV law is necessary within the framework of the extended producer responsibility (EPR) system. Japan, Canada and Taiwan had reported success in controlling the number of ELV off the road. Due to the success of countries implementing ELV law, a SWOT analysis on the respective framework had also been done. The results from this analysis will be used to model a new framework ideal to Malaysian current and future condition. 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Waste treatment has become an important issue and a serious concern to the environmental conscious society. Concerns about reducing waste during the generation process have been emphasized as the first priority before further treatment. Waste form ELVs is also one of the recently emerging waste streams. This had led to a need to achieve maximum recovery level with less amount of waste discharge. Among efforts to reduce the amount of ELV waste is by extending the lifetime of a vehicle, lowering exhaust gas emissions, and changing materials for easier recycling or recovery in the industry [1]. Waste treatment is required as environmental management practices and to enhance the image of automobile industries. Malaysian National car maker PROTON in response with recent EU legislations, the Directive 2000/53/EC European Commission had to change approach in designing and manufacturing of its product [2]. After 52 years of independence, the Malaysian government had introduced the National Automotive Policy to boost the countries participation in the automotive industry with aiming to be the hub of regional automotive industry. However, the National Automotive Policy has not dealt with the environmental impact of the automotive industry development.To date, directives or legislation on End-of-Life Vehicles for the automotive industry have not been established exclusively. In the EU countries, the directive is seen as a pushing factor for the establishment of an environmentally conscious automotive industry [3]. It is noted that in National Automotive Policy, ELV related policy will be introduced gradually with first implementation which was a mandatory annual inspection of vehicles with 15 years of age or older for road tax renewal. This policy however is later withdrawn. The 11 th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing