W. Liu, J. Lladós, and J.-M. Olgier (Eds.): GREC 2007, LNCS 5046, pp. 21–28, 2008.
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2008
Converting ECG and Other Paper Legated Biomedical
Maps into Digital Signals
A.R. Gomes e Silva, H.M. de Oliveira, and R.D. Lins
Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Signal Processing Group, C.P. 7.800,
50.711-970, Recife - PE, Brazil
{hmo,rdl}@ufpe.br
Abstract. This paper presents a digital signal processing tool developed using
Matlab
TM
, which provides a very low-cost and effective strategy for analog-to-
digital conversion of legated paper biomedical maps without requiring
dedicated hardware. This software-based approach is particularly helpful for
digitalizing biomedical signals acquired from analogical devices equipped with
a plottingter. Albeit signals used in biomedical diagnosis are the primary
concern, this imaging processing tool is suitable to modernize facilities in a
non-expensive way. Legated paper ECG and EEG charts can be fast and
efficiently digitalized in order to be added in existing up-to-date medical data
banks, improving the follow-up of patients.
Keywords: analog-to-digital converter, digitalization of medical maps, digital
ECG, digital EEG.
1 Background and Set-Up
Digital equipments are nowadays largely preferred to analogical ones especially due
to their high-quality and flexibility of working with their output. Medical equipments
that use digital technology have emerged as a true revolution in signal acquisition,
analysis and diagnosis [1]. Today, electrocardiograms, electroencephalograms, elec-
tromyogram and other biomedical signals are all digital. Digital signals allow very
high signal processing capabilities, easy storage, transmission and retrieval of infor-
mation. The well-recognized advantages of digital technology turns it the first-
choice. One of the limiting factors of adopting the digital technology is the high cost
of some modern digital equipment, overall some medical ones. This is a serious
barrier to be crossed by those who already have a working analogical device and/or
face budget limitations. An alternative to device replacement is adopting an A/D-
converter and a suitable interface to a digital microcomputer or laptop. This would
also allow digitizing legated analogical data, something of paramount importance in
many areas, overall in medicine as the history of patients would be kept and case
studies may be correlated, etc. A number of laboratories, medical institutes and
hospitals have only available analogical equipments, particularly those equipped with
plottingters. The storage of these signals is rather inefficient and the data processing
unfeasible. In this challenging scenario, a substantial advance can be performed by
designing acquisition cards with interface to microcomputers, instead of purchasing
sophisticated high-cost computerized equipments. This kind of up-grade can be