2012 11 Nov. 2012 33 6 : 845-856 Acta Geoscientica Sinica Vol.33 No.6: 845-856 www.cagsbulletin.com www. 地球学报.com 国家 基金 (编号: 40973037)和国 部公 经费 (编号: 200911043-14)联合 稿 : 2012-09-07; 改回 : 2012-10-11编辑: 简介: , , 1961 , 。长 究。 : 100037, 北京 大街 26 号。电话: 010-68999798E-mail: xiangkun@cags.ac.cn 古白 鄂博矿床的 矿化 1) , 1, 2) 1) 国地 , 动力 国家 , , 北京 100037; 2) 国地 , 北京 100083 : 古白 鄂博 REE-Fe-Nb 矿床 界罕见的超大 多金 矿床, 但矿床成 解决, 解决矿床成 的基础。本 结合矿床地 , 地分 究成果, 并对白 鄂博矿床的 Sm-Nd 的分 。结果表 , 鄂博 的成矿 1.3 Ga, , 成矿 。加里东 ( 0.44 Ga)了白 鄂博矿床 成和 部分 结晶, 但成矿 部的 , 的贡 1.3 Ga 0.44 Ga 间的 动的结果, 并不代表成矿 件。 , 鄂博矿床 古代发 矿化 , 的单 关键词: 鄂博; ; - ; 成矿 ; 成矿 中图分类号: P618.7; P597.3 文献标志码: A doi: 10.3975/cagsb.2012.06.02 Ore-forming Epoch and Episodes of REE Mineralization in the Bayan Obo Ore Deposit, Inner Mongolia ZHU Xiang-kun 1) , SUN Jian 1, 2) 1) Laboratory of Isotope Geology, Ministry of Land and Resources, State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Institute of Geology, Chinese Acadeym of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037; 2) School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083 Abstract: The Bayan Obo REE-Fe-Nb ore deposit in Inner Mongolia is world-famous for its extreme enrichment of light rare earth elements; nevertheless, its origin remains controversial. This is partly due to the lack of consensus on the ore-forming epoch and episodes of REE mineralization. This paper made a detailed review on geochronological data and a re-assessment of Sm-Nd isotopic results in literatures. It is shown that the REE mineralization of Bayan Obo ore deposit occurred at ca. 1.3 Ga, consistent with the epoch of carbonatite dyke intrusion in this region, and REE in both the ore deposit and the carbonatite dykes were derived from the mantle. A significant thermal event occurred at ca. 0.44 Ga, resulting in the formation of some veins with coarse crystals of REE minerals such as huanghoite. However, the enrichment of REE during this event resulted from REE remobilization within the ore body itself, and the contribution from external source was minimal. A series of ages between ca. 1.3 Ga and ca. 0.44 Ga resulting from partial disturbance of the isotopic system had no specific meaning for REE mineralization. In short, REE in the Bayan Obo ore deposit were enriched by a single episode of mineralization that occurred in Mesoproterozoic and derived from the mantle only. Key words: Bayan Obo; REE; Sm-Nd isotope system; ore-forming epoch; episodes of mineralization 古白 鄂博 REE-Fe-Nb 矿床 超大 多金 矿床, 储量 界第 , 储量 界第二, 的大 矿床, 的成矿环境和巨量的 富集 CAGS