Scientific Research and Essay Vol.4 (9), pp. 921-928, September 2009
Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/sre
ISSN 1992-2248 © 2009 Academic Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Towards a successful packaged water regulation in
Nigeria
C. A. Dada
Microbiology Unit, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. E- mail:
ayokunled@yahoo.com.Tel.: +2347036268554.
Accepted 10 July, 2009
The importance of locally sourced, low-cost alternative drinking water schemes in contributing to
increased sustainable access in developing nations cannot be over-emphasized. One of such initiatives
in Nigeria, where public drinking water supply is endemic is packaged drinking water sold in sachets.
Packaged water if improved upon has been suggested as alternative water provisions that could allow
contributions from local initiatives in the drive towards achieving the water target of the Millennium
Development Goals. This form of drinking water is easy to get and the price is affordable but people still
worry about its purity. Successful regulation of the packaged water industry remains a challenge to the
national agency established to enforce compliance with international standards. This study was
conducted with a view to proffering recommendations that would enhance successful regulation of
Nigeria’s packaged water industry and ultimately improve public health outcomes. Using data obtained
from semi-structured interviews with principal office holders of the national regulatory agency, sachet
water manufacturers and civil society groups, a rapid needs assessment of the existing regulatory
system for packaged drinking water was conducted. Discussed are three major areas that demand
prompt intervention- the adopted regulatory approach, collaborative stakeholder partnerships and
institutional capacity. A seven-point recommendation is also presented. Opportunities exist for
improvements in the current regulatory scheme that could make efficient the regulation of the packaged
water industry.
Key words: Millennium development goals, packaged water, quality regulation, stakeholder partnership.
INTRODUCTION
In terms of quality and quantity of public water supply, the
inadequacy of pipe borne water in Nigeria is almost
endemic. An alternative to the seemingly inadequate
water supply is found in packaged water commonly sold
in sachets. As studies have shown that standard
industrialized world model for delivery of safe drinking
water technology is not affordable in much of the
developing world (Gadgil and Derby, 2003), the
importance of locally sourced, low-cost alternative
drinking water schemes in contributing to increased
sustainable access in rural and peri-urban settings of
developing nations cannot be over-emphasized (UNCSD,
2004). Water packed in sachets if improved upon has
been suggested as a low cost, readily available
alternative water provision that could help bridge the gap
and ultimately allow contributions from local initiatives in
the drive towards achieving the Water target of the MDGs
marked for 2015 (Dada, 2009).
Although it is easy to get and the price is affordable,
people still worry about the purity of the sachet water.
There have also been claims that it is sometimes poorly
treated or oftentimes scooped directly from the many
burst water pipes lying in the sewers that typically run
along the roads and streets in the nation. The integrity of
the hygienic environment and conditions where majority
of the water in sachets in the markets are produced in
areas has also been questioned (Ademoroti, 1996).
Concerns of vertical transmission of disease pathogens
by vendors have been raised. Although documented
evidence is rare, there are claims (CAMON, 2007) of past
outbreaks of water borne illnesses that resulted from
consumption of polluted sachet waters most of which are
of unknown origin (Dada, 2009).
The National Agency for Food and Drug Administration
Control (NAFDAC) is the sole regulator established and
empowered to enforce compliance with the drinking water