Journal of Social Sciences 8 (2): 189-195, 2012
ISSN 1549-3652
© 2012 Science Publications
Corresponding Author: Reyhaneh Ghadirzadeh, Department of English Language, Faculty of Humanities, Saveh Branch,
Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
189
Demotivating Factors for English
Language Learning Among University Students
1
Reyhaneh Ghadirzadeh,
1
Fariba Pourabolfathe Hashtroudi and
2
Omid Shokri
1
Department of English Language, Faculty of Humanities,
Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
2
Department of Education and Psychology, Faculty of Humanities,
Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: Problem statement: Demotivation is a relatively new issue in the field of
second/foreign Language (L2) learning motivation. Recognizing and removing barriers can have a
marked effect on motivation and attention to learning in general and ESL/EFL learning in
particular. Demotivating factors are essential factors which negatively influence the learner’s
attitudes and behaviors and hence lead to undesired learning outcomes. The purpose of the present
study was to analyze the effective factors on demotivation for English language learning among a
group of Iranian university students. Approach: To begin, 260 university students (150 males and
110 females) were selected through the multi-stage sampling method. Students completed the
Persian version of the Demotivation Questionnaire for English Language Learning (DQELL). The
principal component analysis was used to compute the DQELL’s factorial validity and the
multivariate analysis of variance was performed to compare more motivated and less motivated
learners based on demotivation factors. Results: Through the principal axis factor analysis, five
demotivation factors were extracted: (a) lack of perceived individual competence, (b) lack of
intrinsic motivation, (c) inappropriate characteristics of teachers’ teaching methods and course
contents, (d) inadequate university facilities and (e) focus on difficult grammar. The results of
multivariate analysis of variance showed statistically significant differences between the two
groups for two factors (lack of perceived individual competence and lack of intrinsic motivation) while
there were no statistically significant differences for the other three demotivating factors (inappropriate
characteristics of teachers’ teaching methods and course contents, inadequate university facilities and
focus on difficult grammar). Conclusion: These findings suggest that internal forces cannot be ignored
as demotivating factors when studying them among Iranian students.
Key words: Demotivation, learning motivation, language learning, Classic Test Theory (CTT),
Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA)
INTRODUCTION
Different experimental evidences have shown that
some English language learners lose their interest and
motivation during the English language learning
process (Falout and Maruyama, 2004; Ayako, 2004;
Kikuchi and Sakai, 2009; Dornyei and Murphey, 2003;
Falout et al., 2009). According to Dornyei (2001a),
demotivation refers to the specific external forces that
reduce or diminish the motivational basis of a
behavioral intention or an ongoing action. Undoubtedly,
studying the concept of demotivation will be of great
importance for not only researchers but many teachers
who see their learners becoming demotivated in their
daily classrooms in different educational levels.
Researchers may be curious about this issue because
examining the cause of the demotivation lends support in
understanding theories on motivation. And, teachers may
want to understand the possible cause of their students’
demotivation in order to try to avoid being the cause of
demotivation. Many researchers in the L2 learning field,
however, have only started to study on this topic fairly
recently. However, some interested in studying the
possible causes of demotivation among English language
learners have focused on the important role of internal
factors such as lack of self-confidence and negative