BRIAN K. BURTON, JIING-LIH FARH and W. HARVEY HEGARTY
A CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON OF CORPORATE
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ORIENTATION:
HONG KONG VS. UNITED STATES STUDENTS
(Accepted 4 February 2000)
ABSTRACT. This study examined the orientation toward corporate social responsibility
(CSR) of 165 U.S. and 157 Hong Kong business students. Although respondents from
both countries viewed CSR as a construct in much the same way, many differences were
found in the types of responsibilities considered most important. Specifically, Hong Kong
students gave economic responsibilities more weight and noneconomic responsibilities less
weight than did U.S. students.
KEY WORDS: corporate social responsibility, cross-cultural, Hong Kong, students
The issue of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is more complicated
now than ever. The increasing global nature of the marketplace calls for
business persons to interact with others who come from different countries,
with different cultures, and perhaps with different expectations regarding
the corporation’s place in society. This paper examines whether different
cultures weight the various types of corporate responsibilities differently
in a test of Hong Kong and United States business students.
THE LITERATURE ON CORPORATE SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY
Wood (1991) has claimed that CSR is one of the three basic areas of social
issues research. The topic continues to attract researchers (Sethi, 1995).
Wood also noted that Carroll’s (1979) CSR framework, which posits four
basic types of corporate responsibilities – economic (producing goods
and services at a profit), legal (obeying the laws while trying to make a
profit), ethical (behaving in accordance with societal norms not embodied
in law), and discretionary (going beyond other responsibilities to act as
a societal institution in philanthropic ways) – is often used to explain
the construct. According to Wood, these four types of responsibilities
are actually domains in which managers can operate. Because managers
have discretion regarding the domain in which they choose to operate at
Teaching Business Ethics 4: 151–167, 2000.
© 2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands.