Original article Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of 2-(4-[(2-hydroxybenzyl) amino]-phenyl amino-methyl)-phenol in STZ induced diabetic rats Swapna Sirasanagandla a , Ramesh Babu Kasetti a , Abdul Nabi Shaik a , Rajesh Natava a , Venkata Prasad Surtineni a , Suresh Reddy Cirradur b , Apparao Chippada a, * a Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517 502, India b Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517 502, India article info Article history: Received 30 October 2012 Received in revised form 12 May 2013 Accepted 13 May 2013 Available online 8 June 2013 Keywords: HBPMP STZ Hypolipidemic Hypoglycemic activity abstract Oral administration of 2-(4-[(2-hydroxybenzyl) amino]-phenyl amino-methyl)-phenol (HBPMP) (30 mg/ kg) to Streptozotocin (STZ) rats produced significant antidiabetic activity after 6 h of HBPMP adminis- tration. Treatment of the STZ rats with HBPMP (30 mg/kg/day) for 30 days resulted in a significant decrease in their Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Serum Total Cholesterol (TC), Low Density Lipoprotein- Cholesterol (LDL-C), Very Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (VLDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) along with an increase in serum High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Activities of Serum Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and levels of blood urea and creatinine were improved to near normal levels in the treated STZ rats indicating the protective role of the HBPMP against liver and kidney damage and its non-toxic property. In conclusion, HBPMP possesses antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities. Ó 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease as old as mankind and its incidence is considered to be high (4e5%) all over the world [1]. It is also a major cause of disability and hospitalization and it results in significant financial burden [2]. The number of people suffering from the disease worldwide is increasing at an alarming rate with a projected 366 million peoples likely to be diabetic by the year 2030 as against 191 million peoples estimated in 2000 [3]. The management of diabetes mellitus is considered a global problem and successful treatment is yet to be discovered. Besides the classical drug (insulin, sulfonylureas, biguanides and thiazolidinediones) usage for the treatment of diabetes, several species of plants have been described in scientific and popular literature as having hypoglycemic activity [4e6]. Because of their perceived effectiveness, minimal side effects in clinical experience and relatively low costs, herbal drugs are prescribed widely even when their biologically active compounds are unknown [7]. Despite the great interest in the development of novel drugs to revert the burden of complications associated with this disease and the raised interest in the scientific community to evaluate either raw or iso- lated natural products in experimental studies only a few of them have been tested in humans [8e12]. Although, non-insulin-depen- dent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is more prevalent than insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), both are chiefly characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency and insulin resistance has been shown to be associated with the path- ogenesis of diabetic dyslipidemia, micro- and macro-vascular complications [13,14]. Dyslipidemia is one of the major cardiovas- cular risk factors. It has been demonstrated that insulin deficiency in DM leads to a variety of disorders in metabolic and regulatory pro- cesses, which in turn leads to accumulation of lipids such as TC and TG in diabetic patients. Abnormalities in lipid profile are one of the most common complications in diabetes mellitus found in 40% of diabetic subjects [15]. Diabetes is associated with profound alter- ations in the plasma lipids, triglycerides and lipoprotein profile and with an increased risk of coronary heart disease. High level of total cholesterol is one of the major risk factors for coronary heart dis- eases and it is well known that hyperlipidemia leads to athero- sclerosis and this is increased during diabetes [16]. * Corresponding author. Tel.: þ91 877 2289495 (O); fax: þ91 877 2289532. E-mail address: chippadar@yahoo.com (A. Chippada). Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ejmech 0223-5234/$ e see front matter Ó 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.05.014 European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 66 (2013) 400e406