VOL. 4, NO. 5, SEPTEMBER 2009 ISSN 1990-6145
ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science
© 2006-2009 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved.
www.arpnjournals.com
EXTENSION AND FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT TRAINING FOR
RURAL WOMEN ON FOREST EXPLOITATION
Agbogidi O. M.
1
and Ofuoku A. U.
2
1
Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Faculty of Agriculture, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Delta State, Nigeria
2
Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Delta State University, Asaba Campus, Delta State, Nigeria
E-Mail: omagbogidi@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
This study examined the extension and forestry development training for rural women on forest exploitation with
a view to enhancing their participation in forestry activities in the Central agro-ecological zone of Delta State, Nigeria.
Three hundred and fifty women involved in forest related activities were randomly chosen from 10 forest communities
purposively selected. Structured interview schedule was used to elicit information from the respondents about the
necessary preparation, pre-training, training and post-training steps for the improvement of women’s participation in
sustainable forest activities. Data collected were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics using frequency counts
and percentages. Chi-square was used to test for significant differences between the means. The results showed that the
training needs indicated by the respondents included alley farming, controlled bush burning, chemical application, financial
management and record keeping. Significant relationships were observed between the degree of involvement in forest
activities and preference of training personnel (x
2
= 88.05; P<0.05) as well as time of training (x
2
= 52.21; P <0.05).
Appropriate recommendations were given along the findings. This study has established that training of women in forest
exploitation has a high significant effect on increased forestry development by enhancing their involvement in forest
activities.
Keywords: forest, training, rural women, development, exploitation, extension.
INTRODUCTION
With changes in climatic conditions, which is
believed to be as a result of man’s activities exerting
pressure on the global flora and fauna, much attention is
currently drawn to forest protection. Women are the
closest set of people to the forest as they are direct users
and consequently collect almost all the resources that are
available in the forests (Agbogidi and Okonta, 2003;
Prakash, 2003; Agbogidi et al., 2005). Ajayi et al. (1997)
stated that the participatory role of women in the
collection of non-timber forest resources such as leaves,
barks, roots, fruits and seeds of trees make them more
vulnerable to clearing the forest and the content therein if
they are continuously neglected in conservation strategies.
The women are therefore required, to be trained on
conservation practices (Ajayi et al., 1997; FAO, 2006).
Training is the responsibility of the participant’s
organisation/group, the participant and the training
institution. Training has phases that are crucial to the
success of training by extension agencies for derived
change in behaviour of the trainees. Studies (Agbogidi and
Okonta, 2003; Agbogidi et al., 2005) have shown that it is
always very difficult to brings a rural audience together for
any extension services meeting. This is as a result of the
fact that the various people have their peculiar social,
economic or political aspects which influence their
activities (Chavez-Tafur et al., 2007). Bearing this in
mind, the opinions of and view points of the target
audience (rural women) is needed to gain their
participation in forestry extension training sessions. The
study is aimed at investigating the extension and forestry
development training for rural women on forest
exploitation with a view to enhancing their participation in
forestry activities and development.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This study was carried out in 2006 in five local
government areas of the Central agro-ecological zone of
Delta State, Nigeria. This zone consists of eight local
government areas out of which Ethiope-East, Ethiope-
West, Ughelli-North, Ughelli-South and Okpe local
government areas were selected purposively for the study.
The target population consisted of women involved in
forestry activities in the area of study. Two (2) villages
were randomly selected from each selected local
government area to cover a total of 10 villages viz: Eku,
Abraka, Jesse town, Ogharefe, Ogor, Orogun, Oginibo,
Imode, Ugborhe and Adedje. Thirty-five women involved
in forestry related activities were randomly selected from
each of the 10 villages to constitute a total of 350 women
for the study.
Data were collected from the respondents using
structured interview schedule. The data were pre-tested
and subjected to reliability test (r = 0.81). Data were
analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency
counts, percentages and mean derived from 5-point Likert
scale. The hypothesis was tested using Chi-square.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Preference for sex of training personnel
The results (Table-1) show that 91.1 percent of
the women preferred training by female extension agents.
These women were of the opinion that a female extension
agent would appreciate their problems than an agent of the
opposite sex and female extension agents would be more
acceptable to their spouses than the male extension agents.
Some 5.7 percent of the women preferred male extension
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