Missing from the ‘minority mainstream’: Pahari-speaking diaspora
in Britain
Serena Hussain
a,b
*
a
The Northern Institute, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia;
b
School of Geography,
Oxford University, Oxford, UK
(Received 27 August 2013; accepted 16 July 2014)
Pahari speakers form one of the largest ethnic non-European diasporas in Britain.
Despite their size and over 60 years of settlement on British shores, the diaspora is
shrouded by confusion regarding official and unofficial categorisations, remaining
largely misunderstood as a collective with a shared ethnolinguistic memory. This has
had implications for the recognition of Pahari within mainstream minority language
provision. The first half of the article explores why Pahari has remained largely absent
within discourse on minority languages in Britain. The second half of the article
documents attempts from within the diaspora to address this gap through promoting
and representing Pahari within a British context.
Keywords: minority languages; language politics; diaspora; ethnic minorities;
colonialism; media
Introduction
The Pahari-speaking population from Pakistan-administered Jammu and Kashmir are one
of the largest ethnic non-European diaspora communities in Britain. Despite their size and
over 60 years of settlement on British shores, the diaspora remains shrouded by confusion
regarding official categorisation and language status. There is a lacuna of academic
literature engaging specifically with the Pahari-speaking population, and as such, they
remain one of Britain’ s most misunderstood and underrepresented collectives with a
shared ethnolinguistic memory (Haider 2013a).
Pahari is seldom portrayed as a language in its own right within a British context.
This is principally due to contemporary interpretations of geo-historical changes of
provincial borders (Shackle 1979; Masica 1991) and externally generated definitions of
the Pahar region (Rehman 2005; Haider 2013a, 2014). There has been an increase in
Pahari language development and activism from within the diaspora, who assert the right
to self-definition and reject external evaluations of their language heritage.
This article contributes to the sociological study of Pahari in Britain. In doing so it
explores arguments for why Pahari has remained largely outside official language
categorisation and documents attempts from within the diaspora to promote and represent
Pahari as a language in its own right. Prior to commencing discussion on language
representation a brief overview of the diaspora under study is provided.
*Email: serena.hussain@gmail.com
Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2014
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2014.953539
© 2014 Taylor & Francis