Global Advanced Research Journal of Microbiology (ISSN: 2315-5116) Vol. 1(8) pp. 136-140, September, 2012
Available online http://garj.org/garjm/index.htm
Copyright © 2012 Global Advanced Research Journals
Full Length Research Paper
In vitro, controlling the establishment of Xanthomonas
campestris with different bacterial bio-agents
Amna Ali*
1
, M. Saleem Haider
2
, Sobia Mushtaq
1
, Ibatsam Khokhar
1
, Irum Mukhtar
1
, Sana Hanif
2
and Nosheen Akhtar
2
1
First Fungal Culture Bank of Pakistan (FCBP), Institute of Agriculture Sciences (IAGS), University of the Punjab, Lahore,
54590, Pakistan.
2
Institute of Agriculture Sciences (IAGS), University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
Accepted 18 July, 2012
The antimicrobial agents of bacteria isolated from different rhizosphere of fruits and vegetables soil in
Lahore. Of ten species, five were gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescence, Klebsiella
pneumoniae, Salmonella typhii, Brachybacterium faecium); other five were gram positive and identified
as Bacillus farraginis, Kurthia gibsonii, Aureobacterium liquefaciens, Curtobacterium albidum,
Micrococcus lylae. The antagonistic potential of bacterial strains was assessed by the well diffusion
technique and results indicating varying degree of biocontrol activity against pathogenic strain of X.
campestris. Out of ten bacterial species, E. coli (gram negative) and C. albidum (gram positive) showed a
high prevalence of resistance with reduction of 4.2cm and 4.1cm zone diameter respectively. The
minimum inhibitory volume (MIV) to two bio-agents was determined for X. campestris from range 10-100
μL. E. coli (volume required to inhibit < 20 μL) and C. albidum (volume required to inhibit < 40 μL)
exhibited good activity against pathogen. These results provide information on the prevalence of
resistant bacterial strains with the MIV of organisms and indicate the possibility of using these bacterial
species as bio-agent against X. campestris.
Keywords: Xanthomonas campestris, gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria
INTRODUCTION
The genus Xanthomonas is a diverse and economically
essential group of bacterial phytopathogens, belonging to
the gamma-subdivision of the Proteobacteria.
Xanthomonas campestris is the most important member
that causes a variety of plant diseases (Starr and
Stephens, 1964). X. campestris causes different diseases
in plant foliage by producing black rot, canker, leaf spot
and blights. These diseases may destroy leaves, petioles
*Corresponding author E-mail: write2amna@gmail.com
and stems rendering infected plants unsightly and
unsalable (Mariano et al., 2001; Assis et al., 1997).
The use of chemical compounds has failed to control
plant diseases due to resistance, environment pollution,
and damage to human health. Because of these
disadvantages, the use of microorganisms for pathogen
control and for plant growth promotion is becoming more
common (Thomashow and Weller, 1996). However, the
success of biocontrol and yield increase depends on the
nature of the antagonistic properties and on the
mechanisms of action of the organism. The modes of
action are widely varied and can be, for instance, nutrient