© Kamla-Raj 2014 J Economics, 5(1): 57-65 (2014)
Investigating the Marketing of Micro-insurance Products
in South Africa
Zaheenah B. Chummun
1
and Christo A .Bisschoff
2
1
School of Accounting, Economics and Finance, University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville
Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa, Telephone: +27 74 281 0500;
E-mail: zaina.khan499@gmail.com
2
Potchefstroom Business School, North-West University, Private Bag X6001,
Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
Telephone: +27 18 299 1411; E-mail:christo.bisschoff@nwu.ac.za
KEYWORDS Funeral Life Cover. Zimele-compliant. Low-income Households. Financial Exclusion. Business
Success.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to identify and investigate the marketing mix of the funeral Zimele-compliant
micro-insurance product and its influence on business success of micro-insurance firms in South Africa. The
influence of marketers’ efforts to address the challenge of financial exclusion to the low-income households in
South Africa with regards to microinsurance on business success were explored in the study. A convenience sample
of 173 out of 200 employees completed the questionnaires at two biggest insurance companies namely; Old Mutual
South Africa and Hollard Insurance, offering micro-insurance products and services in Port Elizabeth was used. The
responses signified a satisfactory rate of 86.5%. The findings revealed the mean values for all independent
variables generating business success unsatisfactory results (below 60%). The research is of value to insurers, micro-
insurers, marketing managers, academics and researchers.
INTRODUCTION
In South Africa, financial exclusion is a chal-
lenge in the financial sector as research reveals
that approximately 19% of the South Africans
remain excluded from the formal financial servic-
es (FinScope South Africa 2012). For this rea-
son, the National Treasury of South Africa has
prioritised access to financial services as an im-
portant objective in the sector’s reform for low-
income households. The challenge of inclusion
is proving to be more difficult in the insurance
sector (National Treasury of South Africa 2011).
Sources reveal that 53% of the adult population
do not have any kind of financial product insur-
ing risk; 30% have some formal financial prod-
uct (life cover) covering defined risk, whilst 17%
of the adult population rely only on burial soci-
eties (funeral cover) (FinScope South Africa
2012). The “Insurance Gap” identified among
the low-income households (who are not in-
sured), presents a huge opportunity for the
South African insurance industry. As a result,
the insurance industry in South Africa together
with the Financial Services Board have launched
measures aimed at giving low-income earners
access to insurance known as microinsurance
(Association of Savings and Investments of
South Africa 2009). Life insurance products for
low-income earners are branded as Zimele and
are classified as microinsurance products; in-
surance for the low-income earners (ASISA
2009).
However, the market of micro-insurance (MI)
is still at a preliminary stage in South Africa com-
pared to its commercial market which is well de-
veloped. According to Smith et al.(2011), it is
not easy for insurers to market micro-insurance
products to low-income earners and generate
business success due to inherent challenges
present in the process. Although the market of
micro-insurance has a lot of potential to grow,
the element of business success is still uncer-
tain in South Africa.
In this paper, the researcherS explore how
the application of the marketing mix (product,
price, promotion and place) for the Zimele funer-
al product measures business success. The re-
searcher limits the inquiry to the Zimele funeral
MI product as it dominates the low-income in-
surance segment (micro-insurance market) in
South Africa (National Treasury of South Africa
2011).
Problem Statement
The emergence of micro-insurance has led
to a growing interest in the way in which the
marketing is managed. Research reveals that
there are many problems in the marketing of MI