An Outline of Turkish Morphology Kemal Oflazer, Elvan G¨ oc ¸men, Cem Bozs ¸ahin October 1994 20th year edition, October 2014 Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 Current orthography of Turkish 3 3 Morphophonemic processes 4 3.1 Vowel Harmony ........................... 4 3.1.1 Resolving low-unrounded vowels ............. 5 3.1.2 Resolving high vowels ................... 6 3.2 Vowel drops ............................. 7 3.3 Consonant drops .......................... 8 3.4 Consonant changes ......................... 8 3.5 Words ending with (su) ....................... 11 3.6 Gemination ............................. 11 3.7 s-drop ................................ 12 4 Affix Inventory 12 4.1 Coding scheme ........................... 13 4.2 Noun Inflections (NNI xxxxxx) .................. 13 4.3 Derivations producing nouns (NxDxxxxx) ............. 14 4.3.1 Nouns from nouns (NND xxxxxx) or adjectives (NJD xxxx) 15 4.3.2 Nouns from verbs (NVD xxxxxx) ............. 16 4.3.3 Adjectives from nouns (JND xxxxxx) or adjectives (JJD xxxxx) 17 4.3.4 Adjectives from verbs (JVD xxxx) ............. 18 4.4 Verb Inflections (VVI xxxxxxx) .................. 18 4.5 Derivations producing verbs .................... 21 4.5.1 Verbs from nouns (VND xxxxx) or adjectives (VJD xxxx) 21 4.5.2 Verbs from verbs (VVD xxxxx) .............. 21 4.5.3 Adverbs from nouns (AND xxxxx) or adjectives (AJD xxxxx) 22 4.5.4 Adverbs from verbs (AVD xxxxx) ............. 22 4.5.5 Adverbs from adverbs (AAD xxx) ............. 22 1