Session M3C
978-1-4244-4714-5/09/$25.00 ©2009 IEEE October 18 - 21, 2009, San Antonio, TX
39
th
ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference
M3C-1
Engagement of Millennial Students Using
Web-based Screen Movies to Replace
Traditional Lecture in Lecture/Lab Courses
Jon Sticklen, Mark Urban-Lurain, and Daina Briedis
Michigan State University, sticklen@msu.edu , urban@msu.edu , briedis@egr.msu.edu
Abstract - An emerging literature focuses on differences
in learning style between the so-called millennial
generation and preceding generations of students.
Concurrently, engineering educators have developed a
number of intuitions about millennial students, most
with the common theme of lowered tolerance for lecture
settings. Two current threads addressing the “lower
attention span problem” are (a) approaches under the
rubric active learning and (b) technology developments
such as web-enabled screen movies and pod-casts. The
second thread is often aimed at a technology “fix.”
Experience shows that any technology fix is of itself
minimal value. Specifically, our research question is the
following: In traditional lecture/laboratory courses what
is the effect of replacing lecture sessions with web-based,
voice-over slide presentations punctuated with full screen
demonstrations and interactive quizzes? We report
results from a side-by-side study that replaces lecture
with screen movies for three of ten lab sections in a high
enrollment, computer tools and problem solving course.
Results generally indicate no significant difference
between the treatments for learning outcomes, attitudes
towards engineering, and attitudes towards the screen
movies. Student survey data indicates very favorable
attitudes towards the screen movies in general. The
results are encouraging given the early state of screen
movie development.
Index Terms - millennial student, web-enabled voice-over
movies, active learning, hybrid course, alternative models
for high enrollment classes.
INTRODUCTION
An increasing number of academics share common
perceptions about the so-called millennial students - students
who are matriculating to universities in the early years of the
twenty-first century. These perceptions encompass a large
range of anecdotal observations; many focus on differences
between millennials and former generations in their learning
styles and on differences in effective means of supporting
learning of the millennials. Definitive studies demonstrating
these putative differences are lacking in the literature, but
discussion of the millennials is growing across a broad range
of disciplines; e.g., [1-3].
A point that is commonly mentioned by faculty is that
the millennials have little patience with standard linear
textbooks, or by extension, with linear text put up on the
web as PDF. Experience with and immersion in multimedia
experiences, usually web-based, are often thought to be the
reason for this attitude towards the linear presentation of
textbooks. Whatever the reason, there is a need to reexamine
knowledge-delivery methods with the goal to better meet the
needs of millennial students. We do not seek a “tech fix.”
Our first goal is to leverage current technology
capabilities while starting from the position that we will
embed active learning in our applications of current
technology.
Our second goal is to determine the initial viability of
the hybrid class model in which lecture is replaced by screen
movies and lab or recitation continues as a live activity.
Our second goal is motivated as follows. It is often
pointed out among engineering educators that “we know
what the problem is - all we have to do is fix it.” The
problem pointed to is the large lecture format of many of our
first and second year classes. The way to fix the problem is
quite simply to do away with those high enrollment courses,
replacing them with classrooms having 20-30 students and a
seasoned and interactive faculty person. The “problem” and
the “fix” are independent of discussion of millennial
students. In a perfect world, classes of fewer than 20
students would be the norm at all levels. In the current
economic climate that perfect world will not be attainable in
most institutions. Developments to help make a high
enrollment course more engaged or active include the one-
minute paper [4], personal response systems [5], cooperative
learning methods in general [6], and a number of others. But
the large lecture format remains.
For a technical course that has lecture and a small group
meeting (recitation or lab), we see an alternative model: a
well crafted and executed set of content screen movies and
the standard small group meetings. This second model is
essentially a hybrid class model: part on line, and part live.
But there is a twist. Typically it is difficult determine in a
principled way what part of a hybrid class should be online
and what part should be live. In our setting, the online
portion of the course is precisely the course part least
palatable for millennial students - the portion that is
traditionally a large lecture. In our model, the live part of the
hybrid course remains the small group meeting.