A NEOLITHIC CAIRN AT WHITWELL 119 EXCAVATIONS AT LODGE HOUSE, SMALLEY, DERBYSHIRE By MATT LEIVERS (Wessex Archaeology, Head Ofice, Portway House, Old Sarum Park, Salisbury, SP4 6EB) and CHRIS HARRISON (Wessex Archaeology, Shefield Ofice, Unit 6, Riverside Block,Sheaf Bank Business Park, Prospect Road, Shefield S2 3EN), with contributions by CATHERINE BARNETT ((Wessex Archaeology, Head Ofice) R. S. LEARY (354 Peppard Road, Emmer Green, Reading, RG4 8UZ), G. MONTEIL (21 Wilberforce Road, Wisbech, PE13 2EX) and SARAH F. WYLES (Wessex Archaeology, Head Ofice) INTRODUCTION Wessex Archaeology undertook a programme of strip, map and record in advance of the extension of a surface mine at Lodge House, situated to the east of Smalley, Derbyshire at 441873 345226 (Fig. 1). Earlier phases of geophysical survey (ArchaeoPhysica 2011) and archaeological evaluation (Wessex Archaeology 2012) had revealed the presence of a sub- circular or D-shaped enclosure and associated features of probable Romano-British date. There was little evidence for structural remains but a reasonably large assemblage of Roman pottery was recovered from the ills of the enclosure ditches. The site therefore provides useful information about early Roman activity in this part of Derbyshire. Geology, topography and land-use The area of excavation lay on the Pennine middle Coal Measures formation, a complex of alternating mudstone, siltstone and sandstone (British Geological Survey www.bgs.ac.uk/ GeoIndex.htm). On site, bands of coal, clay and sandstone outcropped. The site occupied an area of arable land c. 2.5ha in area at c. 132m OD, to the north-west of previously extracted land. Although the area was generally lat, the D-shaped enclosure occupied the southern end of a slight spur in the local topography, the land falling away to the east, south and west. EXCAVATION Methodology Eight evaluation trenches were excavated during a previous phase of work (Fig. 1, trenches ET1–ET8), three over the line of the enclosures and ive over other geophysical anomalies. Each was 25m long, except for trench 2 which was twice that length. Subsequently an area of c. 10,000m 2 was stripped over the northern half of the D-shaped and rectilinear enclosures. Features exposed within the stripped area were mapped and recorded in plan. The enclosure