Parameter Optimization of Debinding Injection Moulded Ti-6Al-4V Mix
With Palm Stearin and Polyethylene
M. I. Jamaludin
1,a
, N. H. Mohamad Nor
1,b
, N. A. A. Kasim
1,c
, J.B. Saedon
1,d
and N. Muhamad
2,e
1
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University Technology of MARA (UiTM),
40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
2
Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
a
ikhwanjamal@gmail.com,
b
norhafiez@yahoo.com,
c
nuratikah.ak@gmail.com,
d
juri41@yahoo.com,
e
hamidi@eng.ukm.my
Keywords: Taguchi method, metal injection molding (MIM), Ti-6Al-4V, Palm stearin, solvent
debinding process, thermal pyrolysis.
Abstract. Debinding process of injection moulded Ti-6Al-4V feedstock was divided into two parts:
solvent debinding process to eliminate palm stearin (PS) and thermal pyrolysis to eliminate
polyethylene (PE). Solvent debinding process used heptane at optimum temperature, 60°C to
remove PS binder completely as temperature is the only parameter that can be optimized. Thermal
pyrolysis parameters for removal of PE binder from the injected 65vol% Ti-6Al-4V feedstock have
been optimized by using Taguchi method. Heating rate, temperature and time were the selected
factors during experiment to be applied in the L
9
(3
4
) Taguchi orthogonal array (OA) to find the best
set of parameters to produce highest density of brown part. Thermal pyrolysis process was done at
optimum parameters: heating rate: 5°C/min; temperature: 510°C; and time: 90 minutes. Analysis of
Variance (ANOVA) was employed to find the best signal to noise ratio (S/N) to express the
contribution of the factors towards quality characteristic. Based on the results, heating rate has the
greatest contribution (54.63%), followed by duration time of thermal pyrolysis (24.40%) and
temperature (19.25%).
Introduction
Metal injection molding (MIM) has gotten an increasing attention as a low-cost production
technique for small, precise and intricate part made in high volumes [1]. The technique involves
mixing of metal powder with a binder, injection of the feedstock into a mold, debinding process to
remove the binder and sintering as the last step to consolidate the product to its final density [2].
Recently, metal injection molding of Titanium (Ti-MIM) has a promising demand from the market
especially in aerospace and biomedical field [3]. Formulation of a binder system has substantial
influences on the success of MIM production [2].
Selection of binder system in production of Ti-MIM affects the presence of other elements to
react on an as-sintered product rather than the condition during the experiment [4]. Moreover,
titanium is a highly reactive metal that can easily be distorted by other elements that can cause
oxidation [5]. Palm Stearin (PS) binder is a simple binder system introduced by Iriany et al. [6] to
be substituted with multi-components conventional binder system. Fortunately, Malaysia has
abundant of PS resources [7]. PS is an alternative binder system to overcome long debinding times
drawbacks. Currently, only a few researchers study the effect of PS binder system towards MIM
which mainly involves in production of steel. Omar et al. [8] and Setasuwon et al. [9] have studied
the influence of PS binder to manufacture stainless steel products. In this study, injected Ti-6Al-4V
feedstock that consists of PS and PE as the binder was used to investigate the optimization of
debinding parameters during removal of binders. Debinding process of injected Ti-6Al-4V
feedstock has two sessions: solvent debinding process and thermal pyrolysis process. Highest
Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 660 (2014) pp 234-238 Submitted: 23.06.2014
© (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland Revised: 14.08.2014
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.660.234 Accepted: 14.08.2014
All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of TTP,
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