Kersh, Mariana E., Heidi-Lynn Ploeg, and Marcus G. Pandy. "The dependence of knee joint stability on the cruciate and collateral ligaments." Movement & Sport Sciences-Science & Motricité (2013). DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sm/2013049 The dependence of knee joint stability on the cruciate and collateral ligaments Mariana E. Kersh Heidi-Lynn Ploeg Marcus G. Pandy Movement & Sports Science Abstract: In this review, the methods and outcomes of cadaveric experiments that have measured anterior-posterior translation, internal-external rotation, and varus-valgus rotation at discrete flexion angles are summarized. The contribution of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), medial collateral ligament (MCL), and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) to joint stability were quantified by comparing changes in kinematics as a result of ligament deficiency. Medial-lateral translation and knee flexion angles beyond 90° have not been well researched, and these gaps are important to address as this data drives the development of computational models at different tissue scales. Finite element models have been combined with dynamic musculoskeletal models to better understand knee biomechanics and pathologies. Running title: Passive knee joint motion Keywords: Passive motion, knee biomechanics, ligament mechanics, cadaveric experiments, computational models