Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature, Vol. 30, No. 1 (Spring 2011), pp. xxx-xxx. © University of Tulsa, 2011. All
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A Creole Contagion: Narratives of Slavery and
Tainted Wealth in Millenium Hall
Nicolle Jordan
University of Southern Mississippi
Sarah Scott’s A Description of Millenium Hall (1762) foregrounds women’s
vulnerability in the face of forced marriage and economic dependence, and
as a result it has generated an array of feminist interpretations.
1
A utopian
community on a remote Cornwall estate founded by six women who pool
their resources, Millenium Hall becomes an exclusive space whose female
inhabitants devote themselves to philanthropy, undertaking the causes
of the poor and victims of injustice. Two seemingly unrelated details—a
narrator recently returned from Jamaica and an enclosure for dwarves and
giants on the women’s estate—have led critics to bring the novel into
conversation with imperialism, noting that Scott’s “feminotopia” resonates
with concerns beyond the plight of women.
2
Though seemingly peripheral,
the narrator’s colonial past in fact reveals a particularly intriguing unease
with the colonies. Furthermore, as we discover halfway through the story,
in an easily overlooked aside, the inheritance of one of the Millenium Hall
women, Miss Mancel, came from a fortune acquired in the New World.
This wealth affords her the means to help found the utopian community.
In this essay I will argue that the presence of colonial wealth, though
easily overlooked in a work that focuses on charitable women, betrays an
underlying anxiety about slave labor. By noting how fortunes acquired in
the colonies compromise the health of the men who earned them, I suggest
that the novel offers evidence of Scott’s apprehension that colonial wealth
may be deeply tainted. It may even be a source of moral contagion and
physical deterioration whose effects can be mitigated only by a process of
inheritance and transmission. Though Scott does not intend to indict her
heroines for participating in the colonial economy, her novel nevertheless
makes it possible for readers to make that indictment. As we will see, in a
novel obsessed with the financial histories of the women who eventually
combine their wealth for mutual benefit, it becomes all the more sig-
nificant that wealth acquired in the colonies has deleterious effects on its
original male owners. Informed by Edward Said’s seminal reading of Jane
Austen’s Mansfield Park (1814), my argument maintains that seemingly
incidental allusions to the colonial periphery encode anxiety regarding
colonialism’s brutal reality.
3
Indeed, written a half-century before Austen’s
novel, Millenium Hall offers us an opportunity to consider different mani-