ENCYCLOPEDIA OF CREATIVITY, 2 ND EDITION Article Template: The Dark Side of Creativity This template guides you through the elements you should include in your article. Over-type the highlighted text to be sure to include everything you need. You will find further details in the Instructions to Authors at www.emss.elsevier.com or http://www1.elsevier.com/homepage/about/mrwd/crea/. Author and Co-author Contact Information Associate Professor David H Cropley Defence and Systems Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, AUSTRALIA david.cropley@unisa.edu.au (Tel) +618 83023301 (Fax) +618 8302 5344 Abstract All four facets of creativity – Person, Product, Process and Press - have long been seen in a positive light. Creativity is strongly linked to favourable psychological development, beneficial outcomes and aesthetic achievement. It is increasingly clear, however, that creativity also has a dark side that can manifest itself equally strongly in the four facets of creativity. Whether these manifestations take the form of mental problems, destructive outcomes or harmful, criminal behaviour, it is clear that the generation of effective, useful novelty is not limited to that which is inherently good. Terrorists, for example, are often fiendishly creative. Keywords Benevolent; Crime; Dark Side; Innovation; Malevolent; Negative; Positive; Terrorism Glossary Aesthetic Creativity – creativity in which the focus is primarily on the generation of novelty. Benevolent Creativity – creativity intended to result in positive and/or self-actualizing outcomes. Disruptive Innovation – the exploitation of unprecedented, effective and novel ideas. Functional Creativity – creativity in which the primary concern is the generation of effective, useful novelty. Incremental Innovation – the exploitation of relatively small, but effective and novel, changes to existing artefacts. Malevolent Creativity – creativity intended to result in deliberate harm or damage of others. Negative Creativity – bad or undesirable outcomes resulting from creative processes. Positive Creativity – good and desirable outcomes resulting from creative processes.