MARIA KHOLODILOVA (Saint-Petersburg) INVERSE ATTRACTION IN INGRIAN FINNISH RELATIVE CLAUSES 1 Abstract. Ingrian Finnish admits inverse attraction, the head of the relative clause being marked for case according to the position of the corresponding participant in the subordinate clause. Until now, the study of inverse attrac- tion has been limited almost exclusively to the data of dead languages, which has resulted in a number of hypotheses based solely on written text frequen- cies. These hypotheses can be checked against Ingrian Finnish data. In partic- ular, Ingrian Finnish shows a difference between inverse attraction construc- tions and correlatives, which are often regarded as equal or similar. Inverse attraction constructions, as opposed to correlatives, are characterized by compat- ibility with demonstratives and quantifiers in the head, appositive relative clauses and different kinds of agreement mismatches between the head and the relative pronoun. Arguably, these properties indicate a relatively low level of integration of the head into the relative clause. Keywords: Ingrian Finnish, correlative construction, internal head, inverse attraction, relativization. 1. Introduction Ingrian Finnish relative clauses allow a syntactic effect known as i n v e r s e a t t r a c t i o n (or else attractio inversa, hereafter IA). 2 Under IA, the head of the relative clause acquires the syntactic marking which corresponds to the relativized position, i.e. it gets marked for case as if it belonged to the subordinate clause. For example, in (1), the word lammas ’sheep’ is marked for genitive case, which is the case it would normally receive in the sentence ’I bought a sheep’. As the word ’sheep’ occupies the subject position in the main clause, it would otherwise be expected to get nominative marking. 96 1 The Ingrian Finnish data were collected in 2011—2012 in Central Ingria (Gatchina District). The data were obtained from 19 speakers of Ingrian Finnish. All the examples (unless stated otherwise) were elicited as translations from Russian or offered to the speakers for a grammaticality judgment task. In the latter case, examples are prefixed by grammaticality marks (OK, ?, ?? or *), which repre- sent the average acceptability rates (from fully acceptable to fully unacceptable). 2 Inverse attraction owns its name to another effect, called relative attraction. Under relative attraction, the relative pronoun gets marked for the same case as the head. IA works the other way round, hence the word inverse. LINGUISTICA URALICA XLIX 2013 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/lu.2013.2.02