Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health
20(4): 267-282 © 2014 ASABE ISSN 1074-7583 DOI 10.13031/jash.20.10528 267
Personal Goals and Perceived Barriers
of Farmworker Pesticide Trainers:
Implications for Workplace Safety and Health
C. E. LePrevost, M. R. Blanchard, W. G. Cope
ABSTRACT. Farmworkers are an at-risk occupational group, frequently exposed to pesti-
cides in their working and living environments. Pesticide training for farmworkers is
federally mandated, but little is known about the farmworker trainers who provide or
supplement the training. Using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, this quali-
tative study explored a sample of pesticide trainers (n = 45) in North Carolina. A con-
ceptual framework that recognizes the trainer as a “person-in-context” guided an exam-
ination of trainers’ goals and perceived constraints. Findings indicated that five types of
organizations provide pesticide training. Individuals from these organizations have
shared goals to reduce exposure and ensure health for farmworkers. Trainers identified
practical constraints (time, farmworker physical and mental state, physical setting, insti-
tutional factors, training, and curricular materials) as restricting goal attainment. This
study improves understanding of pesticide trainers and the context of pesticide training,
guiding future interventions. Further, it suggests that the congruence of trainers’ goals
provides a foundation for future collaborations to better meet farmworkers’ needs.
Keywords. Beliefs, Farmworkers, Goals, Pesticides, Trainers, Training.
igrant and seasonal farmworkers are an at-risk segment of the agricultural
workforce in the U.S. These hand laborers who cultivate and harvest crops face
cultural challenges and linguistic barriers in the workplace that predispose
them to occupational illness and injury (Arcury et al., 2013; Donham and Thelin, 2006).
Farmworkers’ temporary employment, migratory lifestyles, and tenuous documentation
status (frequently as guest or undocumented workers) increase their risk of illness and
injury and limit their access to health care. These factors also contribute to farmworkers’
feelings of powerlessness within the working environment, including their fear of report-
ing unsafe working conditions. Low literacy levels and limited formal education among
farmworkers exacerbate their at-risk status (Carroll et al., 2005; Tamassia et al., 2007).
Pesticide exposure is a significant occupational hazard for migrant and seasonal farm-
workers, who work and often live in close proximity to agricultural chemicals (Mobed et
al., 1992). Although deaths and hospitalizations associated with pesticides are on the de-
cline, pesticide exposure remains a public health concern, especially among migrant
farmworkers (Arcury et al., 2013), and continued efforts to educate agricultural workers
Submitted for review in December 2013 as manuscript number JASH 10528; approved for publication by
the Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health of ASABE in May 2014.
The authors are Catherine E. LePrevost, Teaching Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Ecology,
Margaret R. Blanchard, Associate Professor, Department of Science, Technology, Engineering, and
Mathematics Education, and W. Gregory Cope, Professor, Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina
State University, Raleigh, North Carolina. Corresponding author: Catherine LePrevost, Campus Box 7617,
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617; phone: 919-515-2276; e-mail: celeprev@ncsu.edu.
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