CO
2
rich gas mixture hydrate-liquid water- vapor (H-Lw-V) equilibrium
measurement and prediction
Qazi Nasir
1, a
, Khalik M Sabil
* 2, 3, b
and Bezhad Partoon
1, a
1
Department of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Perak, Malaysia
2
Phase Separation Laboratory, Research center for CO
2
capture (RCCO
2
C) Universiti Teknologi
Petronas, Perak, Malaysia
3
Heriot-Watt University, Malaysia , Level 2, Menara PjH, No. 2, Jalan Tun Abdul Razak, Precinct 2,
62100 Putrajaya, Federal Territory of Putrajaya Malaysia
a
qazinasir@gmail.com,
b
khalik_msabil@petronas.com.my,
c
behzadpartoon@gmail.com
Keywords: Clathrate hydrate, carbon dioxide, Hydreval
Abstract. In this paper we present experimental hydrate-liquid water vapor equilibrium data for
mixtures of gas comprising rich CO
2
content. Data were generated by a reliable step-heating
technique validated using measured data for CH
4
. The experimental results obtained in this
measurement were compared with various commercial softwares (CSMGem, CSMHYD). The
prediction results obtained with different software packages shows in weak agreement with
experiment data point with high average absolute error (AAE) of 1.18 and 1.45 for hydrate
equilibrium pressure condition while with model used in this work the average absolute error
obtained is 0.01 respectively.
Introduction
Greenhouse gases e.g. CO
2
has a strong influence on our environment with its increasing level
has a potential threat on climate and sea level.CO
2
capturing in the industry is not only challenging
but suited to reduce global carbon emission. Various methods are employed for the removal of these
industrial gases which have impact on global warming before being sent to atmosphere[1], however
for the removal of these gases in designing process it is very important to consider the CO
2
quantity
to be treated. Hydrate technology is an alternative approach for the removal of greenhouse gases
which proves to be competitive for high concentrated mixture of CO
2
[2].
It is well known that CO
2
hydrate form at much lower pressure and higher temperature in
comparison with methane. which means for CO
2
rich gas mixture is more susceptible for hydrate
formation specially under deep water exploration, where transportation pipeline can be more than
100 Km long and temperature of transport liquid can be as low as 5
o
C at pressure of 100 bar and is
more likely that hydrate forms and block the pipeline [3, 4].
In this study comprises of measured hydrate liquid-water vapor (H-Lw-V) equilibrium data for
CO
2
rich gas mixture based on hydrate dissociation condition and a comparison with commercially
available softwares (CSMGem and CSMHYD) for prediction of gas hydrates equilibrium
conditions[5].
Experimental Equipment and Method
Material
Gas composition in mole % consist of CH
4
(26.3), C
2
H
6
(0.94), C
3
H
8
(0.29), CO
2
(69.37) and N
2
(3.1) was purchased from Gas Walker SDN BHD with a cylinder capacity of 10L with a fill pressure
of 45 bar and 0.6/m
3
gas volume. De-ionized water is used for the formation of hydrate in all
experiments.
Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 625 (2014) pp 386-389
© (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.625.386
All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of TTP,
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