© Psychological Society of South Africa. All rights reserved. South African Journal of Psychology, 40(4), 2010, pp. 495-507
ISSN 0081-2463
Academic psychobiography in South Africa:
past, present and future
Paul Fouché
Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
Fouchejp.hum@ufs.ac.za
Roelf van Niekerk
Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein
Vniekerkr.hum@ufs.ac.za
Our aim is to highlight the past, present and future state of affairs of South African psychobiography.
Particular attention is given to the trends and the challenges faced by academic psycho-biographers
in South Africa. Over the past decade psychobiography has evolved into an established research
genre and has become a methodology used by various academics and post-graduate research
scholars at South African universities. Psychobiography entails the study of historically significant
and extraordinary individuals over their entire life spans with the aim to uncover and reconstruct their
lives psychologically. These longitudinal case studies include the psychological study of personalities
in diverse occupational fields such as architecture, arts and literature, business and entrepreneur-
ship, politics, religion and spirituality, sport, science, as well as the popular biographies of celebrities.
Psycho-biographical studies in South Africa have been nurtured in the departments of psychology
at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Rhodes University, the University of Johannesburg,
and the University of the Free State. Most of these biographical studies have been completed as
postgraduate r research endeavours in master’s and doctoral degree programmes in psychology
where academic staff have initiated and grown psychobiography as a strategic research focus area
within their faculties. Psycho-biographical research has considerable logistical and administrative
value for postgraduate research and the supervision process, and is also of academic benefit to the
theoretical development of South African psychology. In South Africa an array of exemplary perso-
nalities constitute a ‘hall of fame’. Their legendary lives are ideal case studies which may be used
to develop and/or refute aspects of psychological theory and its applicability to human development
over the span of an individual’s life.
Keywords: biography; departments of psychology; psychobiography; South African; state of affairs;
trends
Over the past decade psychobiography has developed into an established methodology used by
various academics and postgraduate research scholars in departments of psychology at South African
universities. Most psycho-biographical studies have been completed as postgraduate research en-
deavours in master’s and doctoral degree programmes in psychology where academics have initiated
and grown psychobiography as a strategic research focus area within their faculties. The key aim in
this article is to introduce the growing field of academic psychobiography to the mainstream South
African readership in psychology. The article traces the formative years of the approach, providing
an overview of current developments and tabling an agenda for further refinements in the future. The
aim is not to present a systematic critique of the method neither to differentiate this method from
various forms of narrative analysis applied to secondary data. The article rather provides for a des-
cription of psycho-biographical life history research; international and national historical landmarks
in psycho-biographical texts; general trends and shortcomings in academic psychobiography; and
recommendations for its South African development as a way forward so as to witness its ‘coming
of age’.
DEFINING PSYCHOBIOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH
Psychobiographical study entails a systematic and descriptively-rich study of renowned, enigmatic,