1 MPI EVA Leipzig February 20, 2015 A typology for additives Diana Forker (University of Bamberg & JCU) diana.forker@uni-bamberg.de 1. Introduction - ADDITIVES: indicate existential quantification over alternatives with respect to the material contained in the scope and the inclusion of some alternatives as possible values for the open proposition in their scope (see e.g. König 1991: 33) - e.g. English ‘too’, ‘also’, ‘as well’, and ‘even’ - cross-linguistically additives serve a broad range of other functions:  additive and scalar additive (1a, b), (8)  contrastive topics and topic switch  indefinite  concessive  conjunctional adverb ‘and then’  constituent coordination (1) a. Abui a tanga nu, oro nu bai da-moi-d-a 2SG speak.CNT SPEC {DST SPEC} ADD 3.PAT-sound-hold-DUR ‘When you speak, let it be heard over there as well.’ (Kratochvíl 2007: 269) b. Karbi (Konnerth 2012) hakó arnì=ke tekè a-tūm=tā rongkèr pu dō tànghò then day=TOP {tiger POSS-PL}=ADD Rongker QUOT exist HEARSAY ‘At the time (in the old days) tigers also (like humans) celebrated the Rongker.’ 2. Semantic domains of additive particles 2.1. The additive function - the use of additives as operators with the force of existential quantifiers that point to the existence of an alternative to the ASSOCIATE of the additive (1a, b) - additives are commonly analyzed as presupposition trigger (cf. König 1991, Sæbø 2004) - by using an additive the speaker indicates that there is an alternative proposition in which the associate is replaced by a contextually relevant alternative