Geo-Ed
Teaching physical geography at university with
cartoons and comic strips: Motivation,
construction and usage
Christopher Gomez
Department of Geography, College of Sciences, University of Canterbury,
Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
Abstract: This article presents the cartoons and comic strips that the author draws
and has used in his teaching of physical geography at the undergraduate level since
2011. In the context of an image-based culture, this article discusses the pedagogic
goals that cartoons and comic strips fulfil: enhancing learning and creativity, associ-
ating pleasure with learning, pushing students to think ‘outside the box’ and relating
the students’ learning experience to a media framework popular with students.
Cartoons and comic strips also answer particular necessities related to the teaching of
physical geography. Using characters placed in hypothetical situations, they explain
the process of doing geography and being a physical geographer.
Key words: cartoon, creativity, geography teaching, manga, physical geography,
undergraduate education.
Introduction
In the internal newspaper of Juniata College
(Huntingdon, Pennsylvania, USA), Associate
Professor Jay Hossler (2009) presented his six-
year journey to create a biology ‘comic-book
textbook’ as a long and tedious enterprise.
However, he remembered having learnt ‘a lot
of new words like “invincible” or “indestruct-
ible” ’ (Hossler 2009, p. 43) in comic books
when he was a child, and he knew that the
‘comic-book textbook’ was worth the labour as
a result. Although such projects are still mar-
ginal, if not ignored, in the Anglo-Saxon world
(Bouvard 2011), educational comics – or more
precisely, educational manga – are an integral
part of the teaching landscape in countries such
as Japan.This form of manga appeared in Japan
towards the end of the 1980s, and the genre has
been named gakushu manga. Any Westerner
who walks into a Japanese library will be
amazed by the plethoric variety of manga,
including a wide educational selection ranging
from primary-school to university level. Suc-
cessful educational mangas have even reached
sales volumes comparable with those of
entertainment-oriented ones, with the famous
Manga Nihon Keizai Nyuumon (Introduction
to the Japanese Economy through Manga)
having sold more than 2 million copies.
The other country with a long tradition of
teaching using comics, and the one that con-
sumes the second highest number of manga
every year just after Japan, is France (Swift
2009; Ratier 2013). As early as 1978, Marsh
wrote that ‘in France . . . the instructional use
of comics (la bande dessinée or BD) is widely
accepted’ (Marsh 1978, p. 777), with most of the
Note about author: Christopher Gomez is a geomorphologist working on geomorphometry at various scales
to understand the links between processes and landforms. He also relates these processes to environmental
issues and hazards, mostly for high-energy events in arc islands of the Pacific, with an emphasis on Indonesia
and Japan. A senior lecturer in the Department of Geography at the University of Canterbury.
E-mail: christopher.gomez@canterbury.ac.nz
New Zealand Geographer (2014) 70, 140–145 doi: 10.1111/nzg.12053
© 2014 New Zealand Geographical Society