Energy consumption for Brine solution recovery in Direct Contact
Membrane Distillation
Sothyreak Chhun
1,2,a*
, Watsa Khongnakorn
1,2,b
, Wirote Youravong
2,3,c
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai,
Songkla 90112, Thailand
2
Membrane Science and Technology Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai,
Songkla 90112, Thailand
3
Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University,
Hat Yai, 90112, Thailand
Email:
a*
sothyreakchhun@gmail.com ,
b
watsa.k@psu.ac.th ,
c
wirote.y@psu.ac.th
Keywords: Direct contact membrane distillation, Hollow fiber membrane, Temperature polarization
coefficient, Evaporation efficiency, Energy consumption.
Abstract:
Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process was applied for brine solution recovery.
The energy consumption of the process was evaluated as varying feed temperature and cross flow
velocity (CFV). The evaporation efficiency and energy consumption were also studied. The
experiments was carried out using a hollow fiber PVDF membrane with pore size of 0.1 µm and
NaCl 3.5 %wt as feed solution. The operating feed temperature and CFV were in range of 40 °C-70
°C and 0.14-0.42 m/s (laminar and transition flow region), respectively. The temperature and CFV
of permeate were fixed at 20 °C and 1.97 m/s respectively. It was found that the flux rate was in
function with the temperature, CFV and temperature polarization coefficient (TPC). The best result
in terms of energy consumption and evaporation efficiency were obtained at CFV and temperature
of 0.28 m/s and 70 °C about 188.6 W and 41.1 %, respectively.
Introduction
Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) is a membrane separation process driven by vapor
pressure gradient across through the microporous hydrophobic membrane. DCMD has been studied
to employ in water purification. It has found to achieve in part of treatment at lower temperature
preferred which could be save for energy consumption and higher water quality.
Termpiyakul et al. [1] studied heat and mass transfer in DCMD under differences concentrations of
brine solution. They found that the temperature polarization coefficient increased with increasing
feed velocity and concentration. In addition, it is also operated at atmospheric pressure without need
to supply pressure energy. As a result, feed temperature is considered as an important process
parameter to produce vapor pressure. Evaporation efficiency and energy consumption were
investigated by Deshmukh et al [2].
The objective of this paper was to determine the energy consumption and heat loss of the DCMD
system for brine recovery and desalination for reverse osmosis (RO).
Theory
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane was used to fabricate in 9 mm of
diameter module with fibers diameter 1.2/0.7 mm, length 240 mm, giving an effective membrane
area of 0.011 m
2
. The membrane module was installed vertically to omit the effect of free
convection and to remove air bubble [3]. Brine solution (NaCl solution 3.5 %wt) was used as a
feed. The feed temperature and cross flow velocity (CFV, using the laminar and transition flow)
were varied in range of 40-70 °C and 0.14-0.42 m/s, respectively. Simultaneously, the temperature
of DI water circulated in permeate side was kept constant at 20 °C.
Advanced Materials Research Vols. 931-932 (2014) pp 256-260
© (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.931-932.256
All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of TTP,
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