Cooperative Yet Opportunistic Diversity Technique (COYOTE) M. Yaqoob Javed and Syed Tahir Hussain Rizvi Dr. Ali Hammad Akbar Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Computer Engineering University of Central Punjab Lahore, Pakistan. {yaqoob.javed & tahir.rizvi}@ ucp.edu.pk University of Engineering & Technology Lahore, Pakistan. ahakbar@gmail.com Abstract - Integrating wireless technology with other technologies to take in an intelligent transmission without causing any degradation in the original network is the approach opted for in this paper. This makes a long range transmission of small packets possible with lesser consumption of energy. Cooperative Yet Opportunistic Diversity Technique (COYOTE) is a research based project that aims at designing a reliable system to assist Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) for long range transmission. It becomes possible by merging RFID with some other communication system, like Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM). This paper presents conditions where RFID system would not cause performance degradation to GSM network, being integrated into the same. Index Terms — ZigBee, Diversity, Parasitic modulation, NFC, RFID I. INTRODUCTION A rapid development in the wireless network area has been observed during the past several years. So far the people working on wireless networking were focused on long range and high-speed applications. Nevertheless, there are several wireless applications for home and industrial environments that require less complexity, lower data rate and longer battery life than the standards that already exist. Such wireless applications are geared up using a new standard called zigbee that is developed by the zigbee Alliance based upon the IEEE 802.15.4 standard [1]. Though, zigbee provides low power and low cost connectivity for equipment that needs battery life as long as from several months to several years but depending on the power output consumption and RF environment the required for a given application, zigbee compliant wireless devices are estimated to transmit 10-75 meters. This paper depicts how small packets can be sent over a small range using lesser energy consumption using a concept known as parasitic modulation. This technique is commonly employed in many networks for information sharing. Such information sharing, at a global scale, can be achieved by combining two or more networks e.g. RFID can be transmitted through a GSM network if a special phase relation can be set up between the modulation components using parasitic modulation. It appears that the parasitic modulation can be rendered innocuous and under these conditions as high an order of accuracy can be achieved as if pure modulation were used. These RFID tags can hold more information than that held by bar codes and therefore users or companies can benefit from richer information [2]. II. RELATED WORK To increase the reliability of a signal for long range, many enhanced supports for mobility have been proposed and various industrial patents were registered. Each system has its own limitations. The various systems are as follows:  Time diversity technique: “Multiple versions of same signal are transmitted at different time instantly”. A signal with time limitation [3].  Frequency diversity technique: “A signal is transferred using different frequencies, or multiple antennas are used to transmit and receive same signal” [4].  Space diversity technique: “A signal is transferred over different transmission paths in order to improve the reliability of the signal” [5].  Polarization diversity technique: “Multiple versions of the same signal are transmitted and received through antennas with different polarization characteristics” [6].  Cooperative diversity technique: “Enables achieving the available antenna gain by the use of cooperation of distributed antennas” [7].