124 Introduction Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder, is caused either by the insufficient production of insulin or the inability of the body to respond to the insulin formed within the system. It is a major health problem and one of the leading causes of death in humans and few animals especially in the dog (Adams, 1995). Recent record ISSN: 2347-3215 Volume 2 Number 4 (April-2014) pp. 124-134 www.ijcrar.com ABSTRACT In this study the anti-diabetic effects of neem and spirulina were evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. After acclimatization, 25 Swiss Albino male mice (Mus musculus) were randomly divided into five equal groups, from which one was kept as control (C) and other 4 groups of mice were induced diabetes by single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan @ 240 mg/kg body wt. For therapeutic justification, out of 4 alloxan-induced diabetic groups, one was kept as diabetic control (DC) whereas other three groups were treated with oral administration of 500 mg neem leaves/kg body wt (DN), 20 mg/kg body wt spirulina (DS) and combination of neem extract plus spirulina (DNS), respectively, for 42 consecutive days. All three treated groups of mice such as DN, DS and DNS significantly (P<0.001) reduced the up regulated blood glucose, total plasma cholesterol such as LDL and triglyceride (TG). Besides these, the mice of group DN and DNS showed significant (P<0.001) increase of erythrocytes and decrease (P<0.05) of total leukocyte count. The highest body weight gain was found in the mice of group DN (P<0.05). We, therefore, conclude that crude extract of neem leaves and/or spirulina could be an effective alternative therapy for diabetic patients. KEYWORDS Diabetes mellitus; mice; Neem; Spirulina; alloxan. Anti-diabetic Effect of Neem and Spirulina in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Mice Fatema Akter 1 , Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman 1* , Mahbub Mostofa 1 and Emdadul Haque Chowdhury 2 1 Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh 2 Department of Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh *Corresponding author