Laboratory based assessment of cookstove
performance using energy and emission
parameters for North Indian cooking cycle
Pooja Arora
a
, Suresh Jain
a,b,*
, Kamna Sachdeva
a
a
Department of Natural Resources, TERI University, 10, Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi 110070, India
b
Department of Energy and Environment, TERI University, 10, Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi 110070,
India
article info
Article history:
Received 15 December 2013
Received in revised form
9 July 2014
Accepted 13 July 2014
Available online
Keywords:
Specific energy consumption
Controlled cooking test
Biomass energy
Air emissions
Cooking cycle
Water boiling test
abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate the performance of cookstoves using controlled
cooking test (CCT) with cooking cycles of Northern India, i.e., Uttar Pradesh (UP) and
Uttarakhand (UK). Cooking time, specific energy consumption (SEC), and emission factors
(EFs) of carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM) were monitored for three
improved and one traditional cookstoves. Cooking was conducted by residents of the study
area. The findings from the study showed that the difference in thickness of roti baked in
UP and UK resulted in a significant change in emission and energy performance in all the
four cookstoves. The low-power inputs required for baking thinner roti resulted in higher
CO and PM emissions in case of CCT-UK. The results of CCT were also compared to Water
Boiling Test (WBT) for all the four cookstoves. The percent reductions in terms of energy
and emission parameters in the three improved cookstoves compared to traditional
cookstove were found to differ in CCT and WBT. Large variations were also observed during
the emission performance (40% decrease in CO EF) of the fan cookstove with change in fan
speed, which was usually unreported in previous studies. Overall, results show significant
influence of cooking cycles on cookstove performance, which was found to alter the
cookstove rankings. Therefore, the study thrusts upon the inclusion of user centric cook-
stove testing protocols in order to identify actual benefits for targeted rural communities.
© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
In most of the developing countries, biomass based cook-
stoves are a lifeline of any rural household, given the limited
financial resources. These bottom of the pyramid (BoP) energy
systems are being regularly redesigned and tested, in order to
provide the underprivileged sections of the society, a healthy
and sustainable lifestyle [1]. Testing of cookstoves is one of the
most crucial steps in any cookstove dissemination program.
Cookstove testing is conducted in a laboratory, and/or in field
conditions, to assess the performance in terms of fuel savings
(energy efficiency) and environmental parameters, i.e., emis-
sion of air pollutants. Particulate matter (PM) and carbon
* Corresponding author. Department of Natural Resources, TERI University, 10, Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi 110070, India.
Tel.: þ91 11 2612 2222; fax: þ91 11 2612 2874.
E-mail addresses: sureshjain_in@yahoo.com, sureshj@teri.res.in (S. Jain).
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
ScienceDirect
http://www.elsevier.com/locate/biombioe
biomass and bioenergy 69 (2014) 211 e221
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.07.012
0961-9534/© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.