© Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2012 DOI: 10.1163/156973212X617208 International Journal of Public Theology 6 (2012) 99–117 brill.nl/ijpt Pentecostalism and Citizenship in Brazil: Between Escapism and Dominance Rudolf von Sinner Escola Superior de Teologia, São Leopoldo, Brazil Abstract Brazil is, today, the most Catholic, but also the most Pentecostal country in the world. The Pentecostal churches, namely the Assemblies of God, have been particularly suc- cessful among the poorest of the poor. There is little discourse on citizenship in Pente- costal churches, and its theological bases still seem to foster escapism; yet, believers regain a sense of dignity and respect for themselves and for others as they discover themselves as bearers of the Holy Spirit. In addition, contrary to the general percep- tion, there are signs of a sense of responsibility for the whole human being, the environ- ment and the common good. However, the relatively recent principle of ‘brother votes for brother’ tends to narrow down internal and external attention in terms of politics to the election of Pentecostal politicians, with all its ambivalences and a danger to seek dominance. This article argues that a third way between escapism and dominance, guided by a public theology, is possible. Keywords pentecostalism, citizenship, Brazil If one wants to do something good in this world, then one must struggle against injustices and dare to speak the truth. —Lewi Pethrus 1 1) As cited by Per Olov Enquist, Lewis Reise (Frankfurt a. M.: Fischer, 2005), p. 379 (my translation) [available in English as Per Olov Enquist, Lewi’s Journey (New York: Overlook TP, 2006)].