International Journal of Engineering Research and Development e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com Volume 11, Issue 01 (January 2015), PP.55-62 55 Utilisation of Waste Materials in the Construction Of Roads A Srinivas 1 , DSV Prasad 2 , M AnjanKumar 3 , GVR Prasada Raju 4 1 PG Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, BVC Engineering College, Odalarevu, AP. 2 Professor & Principal, Dept. of Civil Engineering, BVC Engineering College, Odalarevu, AP. 3 Professor & Principal, Dept. of Civil Engg., BVC College of Engineering, Rajahmundry. 4 Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Registrar, JNT University, Kakinada. Abstract:- Expansive soils are so widely spread that it becomes impossible to avoid them for highway construction to keep the network structure for mobility and accessibility. These soils are prevalent as large tracts in many parts of the world. Many highway agencies, private organizations and researchers are doing extensive studies on waste materials and research projects concerning the feasibility and environmental suitability. It is necessary to utilize the waste affectively with technical development in each field. Cyclic plate load tests were carried out on the tracks with optimum percentage of reinforcement materials like waste plastics and waste tyre rubber in gravel/flyash subbase laid on expansive subgrade. Test results show that maximum load carrying capacity associated with less value of rebound deflection is obtained for gravel/flyash reinforced subbase compared to unreinforced subbase. Keywords:- Expansive Soil, Flyash, Gravel, CBR, Load Test, Reinforcement materials, Pavement. I. INTRODUCTION Soils which exhibit a peculiar alternate swell – shrink behaviour due to moisture fluctuation are known as expansive soils. These soils are generally found in poorly drained localities where there are marked wet and dry seasons. The clay minerals are formed through extensive physical and chemical weathering of parent material. Indian black cotton soils are formed by weathering of basalt and traps of Deccan plateau and the thickness of the layer is varying from 0.5m to more than 10m. DTA and X-ray diffraction pattern analysis [1-4] have shown that montmorillonite is the predominant clay mineral in the black cotton soil. The high percentage of clay content with predominant montmorillonite mineral is responsible for high volumetric changes during Wetting and drying and these volumetric changes causes huge damage to all civil engineering structures and pavements resting on them. The amount of wastes has increased year by year and the disposal becomes a serious problem. Particularly, recycling ratio of the wastes in life and industry is low and many of them have been reclaimed for the reason of unsuitable ones for incineration. It is necessary to utilize the wastes effectively with technical development in each field. Reinforced soil construction is an efficient and reliable technique for improving the strength and stability of soils. The technique is used in a variety of applications, ranging from retaining structures and embankments to subgrade stabilization beneath footings and pavements. [5] made an attempt to compare the quantity of the earth required for the subgrade with and without flyash and polypropylene fibers stabilization and for 1.5% of fiber and 15 % of flyash the thickness of the pavement is decreased by 60% and the 8610 m 3 of soil can be saved for one kilometer length of the road. By addition of the flyash and fiber to the expansive soils the CBR value is increased which can reduce the pavement thickness. [6], has conducted Cyclic plate load tests in the laboratory at OMC to study the relative performance between the reinforced and unreinforced subbases of model pavement system and the results were found that, flexible pavement reinforced with waste plastics and waste tyre rubber has shown better performance as compared to unreinforced subbase, at all deformation levels, flexible pavement system laid on sand subgrade has shown better performance when compared to expansive soil subgrade. [7] Conducted CBR and standard proctor tests in the laboratory for finding the optimum percentages of waste plastics, and quarry dust in soil sample. Based on the results the % of plastic waste increases the maximum dry density decreases, thereby decreasing the CBR value and increase in % of quarry dust increase of maximum dry density and CBR. [8] has conducted shear and CBR tests in the laboratory, observed from the results flyash materials reinforced with different percentages of waste plastics and coconut coir, the optimum percentages were equal to 0.3 % and 0.2 % respectively. The flyash material reinforced with waste plastics has shown better performance when compared to flyash reinforced coconut coir material. Waste plastics and coconut coir reinforced flyash materials has shown maximum improvement compared to unreinforced material. [9], shredded rubber from waste has been chosen as the reinforcement material and cement as binding agent which was randomly included into the soil at three different percentages of fibre content, i.e. 5% 10% and 15% by weight of soil. California bearing ratio and unconfined