A scientist from the manhattan project and his young assistant have an idea : in the mid-1960s, at a government laboratory... afterlife archAeometry of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory database project THE • R E S E A R C H E D U C A T I O N S E R V I C E • U N I V E R S I T Y O F M I S S O U R I R E S E A R C H R E A C T O R C E N T E R $2.95 US $3.72 CAN 1 of 1 2015 M.T. Boulanger & M.D. Glascock Archaeometry Laboratory, University of Missouri Research Reactor afterlife archAeometry of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory database project M.T. Boulanger & M.D. Glascock Archaeometry Laboratory, University of Missouri Research Reactor use radioactive atoms use radioactive atoms to study artifacts of ancient civilizations to study artifacts of ancient civilizations It was one of the most prolific archaeometry programs in the world, analyzing over 10,000 artifacts. But one day the young assistant was not so young anymore. His thoughts turned to how to preserve this volume of knowledge. Records of the work were packaged up... ...and shipped across country ...and shipped across country Records of the work were packaged up... All of the records were on paper. Nothing could be salvaged from the aged mainframe computer. These data had to be transcribed into a PC... By hand! These data had to be transcribed into a PC... By hand! Even then, the records were incomplete... ...Leading to a global hunt for what remained. No data found data found data In Car parks... ...data iN cabinets. data In Car parks... ...data iN cabinets. some data could not be found at all. Data were in publications and in the personal files of deceased colleagues. Data were in publications and in the personal files of deceased colleagues. years of searching resulted in 85% of the data being saved. Today, these data are in tDAR, and available for any researcher to use. b Ce Co Cr Cs Eu Fe Hf Ni Rb Sb Sc Sr Ta Tb Th Zn Zr Al Ba Ca Dy K Mn Na Ti V .25 81.23 10.46 58.31 4.34 1.31 28202.99 9.27 35.34 91.81 1.08 9.37 358.58 1.21 0.92 13.06 110.52 206.25 67332.63 1205.91 13698.43 5.19 22482.87 447.617663.22 3636.97117.10 .43 88.38 11.92 67.37 5.26 1.39 34718.46 7.87 0.00 100.32 1.15 11.38 243.22 1.25 0.96 14.98 127.92 188.75 75044.43 1189.45 16262.45 5.47 24347.58 603.265540.57 3407.62135.21 .48 88.16 13.17 65.15 6.37 1.41 35213.50 7.65 0.00 115.36 1.21 11.05 189.60 1.23 1.00 14.50 128.58 183.72 74888.38 830.86 13872.99 5.48 23437.74 844.186131.60 3507.92145.09 .86 92.48 12.07 64.95 6.10 1.43 32651.69 8.86 58.36 114.27 1.24 10.86 191.63 1.24 0.98 15.34 116.00 212.64 76467.65 877.29 15102.98 5.92 24546.32 650.826466.03 3828.24129.73 .48 86.77 11.96 66.65 5.75 1.40 34837.71 7.95 0.00 109.13 1.28 11.28 238.02 1.21 1.00 14.85 118.23 181.30 76465.87 917.23 14508.01 5.94 27399.67 564.286425.47 3589.85140.78 .34 88.07 12.54 64.10 4.60 1.37 32480.81 8.65 0.00 96.38 1.05 10.59 248.26 1.20 0.99 14.63 112.45 206.16 74574.75 1508.49 14640.10 5.34 22111.40 714.136080.98 4118.61124.47 .48 86.10 10.66 66.66 4.78 1.38 33035.81 8.82 40.16 99.16 1.15 10.92 216.36 1.27 0.97 14.33 119.55 193.11 76412.42 1034.24 15873.80 5.35 23878.17 498.406181.31 4153.00142.31 .36 84.55 10.84 64.51 5.16 1.37 33863.84 7.70 23.81 101.44 1.15 11.08 274.16 1.18 0.91 14.93 127.94 191.02 77002.98 1001.91 14171.13 5.16 26863.81 500.946235.21 3417.07142.41 .06 79.62 11.43 55.76 4.46 1.32 46855.43 7.26 37.15 90.89 0.78 9.58 136.47 1.10 0.91 11.86 85.24 183.03 67423.40 861.37 9972.56 5.19 19089.68 462.884982.04 3790.59104.32 .52 91.23 11.92 64.78 5.37 1.39 32269.35 9.77 24.87 104.28 1.18 10.72 177.91 1.23 0.99 14.94 120.80 231.14 69949.66 1102.64 15013.50 5.65 27193.54 600.676533.28 3454.74120.47 .72 74.85 9.74 53.11 5.04 1.17 27867.11 6.39 0.00 97.67 1.01 9.00 177.53 1.02 0.80 12.14 101.66 147.21 60419.71 735.36 14167.65 4.25 21119.42 552.744815.90 2785.46115.31 .40 85.15 12.36 58.71 3.99 1.37 43632.81 9.63 0.00 86.95 0.86 9.65 203.62 1.12 0.95 12.82 83.35 220.68 63111.26 1054.53 9944.95 5.37 18739.20 1014.315486.00 3938.71106.72 .30 89.50 11.60 64.31 5.47 1.36 32338.87 8.47 54.11 103.33 1.20 10.64 190.29 1.24 0.89 15.17 113.40 217.75 77719.38 1254.91 13415.28 5.68 26084.85 586.586662.98 3683.22124.08 .31 83.47 10.66 58.22 4.43 1.40 28943.52 7.56 30.66 97.90 0.81 10.04 445.48 1.17 0.97 12.83 98.79 183.23 65329.82 846.46 12695.40 5.51 20787.29 531.645897.09 3649.2093.96 .61 80.04 11.19 58.25 5.03 1.35 51458.03 6.98 42.28 96.11 0.87 9.67 157.69 1.08 0.92 12.17 96.69 175.82 61186.78 721.84 7586.70 4.60 25494.88 914.914987.07 3151.4690.89 .26 86.52 14.34 69.47 6.24 1.40 36625.47 8.32 45.08 111.41 1.42 11.80 175.65 1.31 0.98 14.94 122.68 240.17 81615.16 989.28 15757.49 5.57 26330.96 893.555769.80 3721.38153.80 .31 82.91 11.69 61.87 5.45 1.36 29512.50 8.49 42.91 103.98 1.13 9.86 236.07 1.17 0.99 13.38 100.83 252.39 70517.93 1005.32 14567.13 5.60 26732.29 570.199339.96 3800.45123.34 .29 80.85 14.40 60.02 4.72 1.39 51639.69 8.92 0.00 94.26 0.91 10.05 172.97 1.15 0.95 12.78 87.77 248.85 65823.30 914.83 9353.66 5.53 19575.62 581.235719.24 3533.09109.05 .26 77.95 11.80 57.93 5.06 1.34 47308.30 7.47 26.46 95.34 0.94 10.29 143.13 1.10 0.94 11.93 89.28 211.06 63206.32 656.74 8259.18 5.25 23635.95 676.056276.34 3294.29105.80 .85 77.72 9.04 60.68 5.06 1.31 28559.71 6.74 26.86 110.33 0.61 9.79 235.10 1.04 0.83 12.75 103.03 199.28 69961.13 1046.05 11751.64 4.65 27394.56 357.139472.06 3429.9780.59 .33 58.47 9.64 54.47 3.96 1.11 25618.13 6.10 32.58 93.53 0.78 8.39 198.20 0.93 0.73 10.62 70.98 185.24 72473.99 1480.17 9711.88 3.85 29850.07 440.6910835.51 3117.0685.46 .27 90.45 19.04 74.18 6.18 1.44 37800.04 7.19 36.74 102.89 1.56 12.65 211.26 1.36 0.98 14.65 187.70 217.02 85004.53 935.81 18144.36 5.36 21844.30 1209.674453.93 3931.93197.85 .41 80.25 10.11 63.74 4.07 1.34 28874.06 9.80 36.59 84.27 1.08 10.07 209.34 1.21 0.93 13.31 105.18 273.90 69976.20 1268.96 12664.05 4.97 20711.14 657.755905.72 3870.65137.11 .27 87.89 17.70 71.93 5.19 1.43 36990.73 7.31 52.76 97.08 1.26 11.91 195.34 1.31 0.99 13.92 127.36 220.69 79200.03 1336.70 13997.52 4.71 22450.00 1215.674868.16 3765.07168.66 .23 89.76 17.31 77.87 6.20 1.45 39418.61 6.83 50.37 103.24 1.39 13.09 129.74 1.39 0.95 14.72 153.73 188.06 86485.09 1131.06 14186.18 5.44 21063.62 1110.564060.72 4298.70206.73 .22 89.11 13.36 76.45 6.30 1.46 37861.27 7.20 55.39 107.16 1.59 12.72 206.73 1.34 1.01 14.81 143.29 204.94 80921.29 1073.40 18960.89 5.50 22344.04 699.204604.68 3707.82203.48 .24 85.74 13.08 68.60 5.42 1.44 35374.38 8.00 48.66 96.47 1.46 11.59 266.90 1.27 1.02 14.16 145.62 250.09 75171.70 1481.42 20067.32 5.29 22341.39 777.365521.57 3715.29168.19 .20 90.30 14.58 79.17 6.77 1.46 40198.11 7.13 56.28 107.47 1.25 13.49 150.08 1.39 0.98 15.04 153.27 238.25 86397.22 1319.24 12944.87 5.69 22339.75 733.474037.14 3514.88199.93 .10 86.97 15.70 74.04 5.77 1.40 36337.75 6.97 29.94 101.39 1.44 12.32 245.48 1.31 0.98 14.23 158.15 206.45 82630.41 910.82 20012.93 5.68 20793.04 891.414580.67 4079.55197.35 .35 86.97 13.33 75.41 6.57 1.42 37299.70 7.20 47.94 108.31 1.45 12.70 186.07 1.37 1.04 14.41 143.94 212.42 84187.11 1179.37 16832.71 5.37 24836.35 437.465421.86 3778.60191.67 .30 87.23 12.38 73.07 6.81 1.43 36215.48 7.45 51.47 114.89 1.58 12.38 144.06 1.34 0.96 14.55 147.62 203.17 79744.98 897.70 13423.05 5.46 22330.58 721.374859.29 3577.62184.49 .16 83.75 14.12 76.85 6.16 1.42 38041.82 6.88 49.93 104.54 1.63 12.69 189.59 1.34 0.97 14.41 151.34 211.55 82309.99 1226.97 13468.72 5.28 21839.85 682.924190.08 4123.66203.49 .86 77.93 10.77 57.78 5.04 1.27 29647.15 7.04 27.62 93.26 0.81 9.72 203.94 1.11 0.86 12.97 136.61 184.27 67222.16 1205.87 31875.33 4.77 22072.36 446.526450.69 3147.28119.52 .06 84.38 12.60 68.17 6.91 1.36 36005.11 6.56 49.19 110.82 1.44 11.86 232.62 1.26 0.96 14.98 133.16 216.56 80764.38 1358.38 15274.00 5.13 22975.39 645.525754.28 3975.76141.10 .92 76.85 11.25 60.59 4.61 1.28 30202.47 7.28 34.31 88.78 0.93 9.96 137.79 1.14 0.91 13.33 108.79 201.13 69253.03 1266.94 13505.05 5.14 20351.47 457.656684.51 3825.23121.71 .20 90.09 15.11 77.94 6.59 1.45 39523.35 6.67 51.31 108.31 1.44 13.18 176.84 1.37 0.97 14.88 154.38 200.17 83795.50 939.45 14155.28 5.22 25241.21 601.634130.28 3827.08205.76 .20 88.03 12.44 74.02 6.29 1.46 36990.97 7.30 63.57 111.70 1.41 12.55 190.23 1.33 0.97 14.53 143.51 224.44 82872.62 1076.37 15168.23 5.66 22268.09 556.214575.13 3994.85204.20 .11 86.27 13.34 78.20 6.41 1.41 38901.71 7.10 42.27 106.15 1.24 13.10 148.28 1.38 1.01 14.65 151.72 220.11 84238.49 1187.35 12640.96 5.57 21967.84 419.533978.85 4198.82203.80 .06 87.20 16.08 76.34 6.72 1.40 38188.08 7.15 50.62 112.57 1.16 12.75 168.29 1.38 0.96 14.46 153.53 198.40 83368.02 1258.53 15137.55 5.12 21510.44 720.814452.06 3619.48196.94 .24 89.84 13.77 78.92 6.12 1.49 38987.06 7.43 45.67 108.21 1.46 13.19 163.64 1.37 0.97 14.85 148.62 232.19 85464.39 1186.44 15390.68 5.12 23324.83 1552.394656.64 3914.83204.30 .33 84.12 11.24 69.89 5.58 1.42 38442.05 8.86 39.87 95.66 1.10 10.96 165.68 1.17 0.96 13.60 85.25 268.72 80589.63 853.91 9361.19 5.79 21211.39 295.656582.03 4147.73128.60 .25 85.43 14.03 71.78 5.18 1.44 35586.73 7.07 38.30 99.45 0.89 11.92 173.52 1.29 0.96 14.62 104.17 220.06 77220.05 1129.42 9277.10 5.30 24553.55 1046.066513.85 3805.48101.91 .96 75.49 10.61 57.89 5.80 1.30 31426.66 6.79 38.79 115.39 0.94 10.31 172.99 1.15 0.96 13.63 84.65 201.84 75262.66 939.13 9580.68 5.24 23697.37 547.807110.94 3174.57104.78 .10 75.34 8.78 64.10 3.59 1.35 33418.05 8.29 28.40 86.22 0.89 9.93 134.17 1.14 0.86 12.69 62.04 247.74 70162.22 891.16 5989.00 4.64 20009.17 205.417758.46 3457.18117.30 .82 74.37 12.62 62.42 5.30 1.30 30838.71 6.31 40.16 100.78 0.83 10.12 130.48 0.99 0.88 11.57 87.12 205.15 73659.77 1047.74 12588.92 4.92 35567.91 666.907005.19 3271.70100.70 .04 69.50 10.24 64.32 3.49 1.18 28193.63 8.99 29.16 87.15 0.73 9.34 108.84 1.08 0.81 11.66 67.29 272.40 71488.10 1019.85 5836.20 5.34 19556.06 426.958088.02 4283.4992.94 As La Lu Nd Sm U Yb Ce Co Cr Cs Eu Fe Hf Ni Rb Sb Sc Sr Ta Tb Th 5.46 41.12 0.47 32.91 7.07 5.02 3.25 81.23 10.46 58.31 4.34 1.31 28202.99 9.27 35.34 91.81 1.08 9.37 358.58 1.21 0.92 13 5.04 44.27 0.44 35.72 7.46 4.26 3.43 88.38 11.92 67.37 5.26 1.39 34718.46 7.87 0.00 100.32 1.15 11.38 243.22 1.25 0.96 14 6.16 44.20 0.44 40.44 7.49 3.97 3.48 88.16 13.17 65.15 6.37 1.41 35213.50 7.65 0.00 115.36 1.21 11.05 189.60 1.23 1.00 14 5.45 45.87 0.50 37.02 7.69 3.88 3.86 92.48 12.07 64.95 6.10 1.43 32651.69 8.86 58.36 114.27 1.24 10.86 191.63 1.24 0.98 15 8.10 44.05 0.48 40.77 7.44 4.28 3.48 86.77 11.96 66.65 5.75 1.40 34837.71 7.95 0.00 109.13 1.28 11.28 238.02 1.21 1.00 14 5.18 43.82 0.44 35.41 7.40 3.93 3.34 88.07 12.54 64.10 4.60 1.37 32480.81 8.65 0.00 96.38 1.05 10.59 248.26 1.20 0.99 14 7.47 44.49 0.43 37.45 7.36 3.75 3.48 86.10 10.66 66.66 4.78 1.38 33035.81 8.82 40.16 99.16 1.15 10.92 216.36 1.27 0.97 14 6.15 43.74 0.44 39.50 7.37 3.67 3.36 84.55 10.84 64.51 5.16 1.37 33863.84 7.70 23.81 101.44 1.15 11.08 274.16 1.18 0.91 14 12.00 38.92 0.44 31.41 6.90 3.93 3.06 79.62 11.43 55.76 4.46 1.32 46855.43 7.26 37.15 90.89 0.78 9.58 136.47 1.10 0.91 11 5.13 45.25 0.46 37.77 7.60 3.04 3.52 91.23 11.92 64.78 5.37 1.39 32269.35 9.77 24.87 104.28 1.18 10.72 177.91 1.23 0.99 14 4.30 36.65 0.38 32.29 6.30 3.58 2.72 74.85 9.74 53.11 5.04 1.17 27867.11 6.39 0.00 97.67 1.01 9.00 177.53 1.02 0.80 12 13.82 40.80 0.47 34.99 7.13 3.86 3.40 85.15 12.36 58.71 3.99 1.37 43632.81 9.63 0.00 86.95 0.86 9.65 203.62 1.12 0.95 12 4.07 44.44 0.46 36.70 7.32 3.53 3.30 89.50 11.60 64.31 5.47 1.36 32338.87 8.47 54.11 103.33 1.20 10.64 190.29 1.24 0.89 15 8.14 41.00 0.44 34.81 7.23 3.81 3.31 83.47 10.66 58.22 4.43 1.40 28943.52 7.56 30.66 97.90 0.81 10.04 445.48 1.17 0.97 12 9.82 39.91 0.39 33.43 6.96 3.76 2.61 80.04 11.19 58.25 5.03 1.35 51458.03 6.98 42.28 96.11 0.87 9.67 157.69 1.08 0.92 12 7.21 44.12 0.49 34.14 7.26 3.07 3.26 86.52 14.34 69.47 6.24 1.40 36625.47 8.32 45.08 111.41 1.42 11.80 175.65 1.31 0.98 14 5.92 42.81 0.51 33.50 7.11 3.81 3.31 82.91 11.69 61.87 5.45 1.36 29512.50 8.49 42.91 103.98 1.13 9.86 236.07 1.17 0.99 13 13.97 40.77 0.47 32.66 7.22 3.76 3.29 80.85 14.40 60.02 4.72 1.39 51639.69 8.92 0.00 94.26 0.91 10.05 172.97 1.15 0.95 12 8.03 38.62 0.45 31.76 6.75 3.12 3.26 77.95 11.80 57.93 5.06 1.34 47308.30 7.47 26.46 95.34 0.94 10.29 143.13 1.10 0.94 11 3.81 40.74 0.43 32.25 6.46 2.75 2.85 77.72 9.04 60.68 5.06 1.31 28559.71 6.74 26.86 110.33 0.61 9.79 235.10 1.04 0.83 12 4.89 31.81 0.37 27.11 5.36 2.22 2.33 58.47 9.64 54.47 3.96 1.11 25618.13 6.10 32.58 93.53 0.78 8.39 198.20 0.93 0.73 10 9.31 44.90 0.50 35.05 7.43 3.12 3.27 90.45 19.04 74.18 6.18 1.44 37800.04 7.19 36.74 102.89 1.56 12.65 211.26 1.36 0.98 14 6.38 40.42 0.49 35.77 6.94 3.31 3.41 80.25 10.11 63.74 4.07 1.34 28874.06 9.80 36.59 84.27 1.08 10.07 209.34 1.21 0.93 13 9.02 43.47 0.49 36.16 7.34 2.89 3.27 87.89 17.70 71.93 5.19 1.43 36990.73 7.31 52.76 97.08 1.26 11.91 195.34 1.31 0.99 13 6.67 44.33 0.51 36.08 7.45 3.32 3.23 89.76 17.31 77.87 6.20 1.45 39418.61 6.83 50.37 103.24 1.39 13.09 129.74 1.39 0.95 14 7.27 45.26 0.47 37.88 7.53 3.56 3.22 89.11 13.36 76.45 6.30 1.46 37861.27 7.20 55.39 107.16 1.59 12.72 206.73 1.34 1.01 14 7.07 44.11 0.52 37.29 7.48 4.15 3.24 85.74 13.08 68.60 5.42 1.44 35374.38 8.00 48.66 96.47 1.46 11.59 266.90 1.27 1.02 14 7.12 45.53 0.46 37.48 7.54 3.37 3.20 90.30 14.58 79.17 6.77 1.46 40198.11 7.13 56.28 107.47 1.25 13.49 150.08 1.39 0.98 15 8.71 43.52 0.48 35.17 7.26 3.56 3.10 86.97 15.70 74.04 5.77 1.40 36337.75 6.97 29.94 101.39 1.44 12.32 245.48 1.31 0.98 14 7.81 44.40 0.48 37.07 7.45 3.42 3.35 86.97 13.33 75.41 6.57 1.42 37299.70 7.20 47.94 108.31 1.45 12.70 186.07 1.37 1.04 14 6.62 44.83 0.49 38.82 7.57 3.79 3.30 87.23 12.38 73.07 6.81 1.43 36215.48 7.45 51.47 114.89 1.58 12.38 144.06 1.34 0.96 14 7.22 43.27 0.48 34.96 7.34 3.52 3.16 83.75 14.12 76.85 6.16 1.42 38041.82 6.88 49.93 104.54 1.63 12.69 189.59 1.34 0.97 14 3.32 39.73 0.43 33.56 6.65 2.90 2.86 77.93 10.77 57.78 5.04 1.27 29647.15 7.04 27.62 93.26 0.81 9.72 203.94 1.11 0.86 12 10.30 43.30 0.46 36.77 7.30 3.01 3.06 84.38 12.60 68.17 6.91 1.36 36005.11 6.56 49.19 110.82 1.44 11.86 232.62 1.26 0.96 14 4.35 39.64 0.45 33.87 6.74 3.09 2.92 76.85 11.25 60.59 4.61 1.28 30202.47 7.28 34.31 88.78 0.93 9.96 137.79 1.14 0.91 13 7.20 44.95 0.46 38.31 7.49 3.81 3.20 90.09 15.11 77.94 6.59 1.45 39523.35 6.67 51.31 108.31 1.44 13.18 176.84 1.37 0.97 14 6.39 44.52 0.47 35.16 7.47 3.29 3.20 88.03 12.44 74.02 6.29 1.46 36990.97 7.30 63.57 111.70 1.41 12.55 190.23 1.33 0.97 14 5.63 43.39 0.50 37.21 7.34 3.25 3.11 86.27 13.34 78.20 6.41 1.41 38901.71 7.10 42.27 106.15 1.24 13.10 148.28 1.38 1.01 14 6.09 43.05 0.44 35.20 7.21 3.35 3.06 87.20 16.08 76.34 6.72 1.40 38188.08 7.15 50.62 112.57 1.16 12.75 168.29 1.38 0.96 14 6.66 44.99 0.48 36.76 7.49 3.27 3.24 89.84 13.77 78.92 6.12 1.49 38987.06 7.43 45.67 108.21 1.46 13.19 163.64 1.37 0.97 14 12.42 44.93 0.48 37.61 7.40 4.13 3.33 84.12 11.24 69.89 5.58 1.42 38442.05 8.86 39.87 95.66 1.10 10.96 165.68 1.17 0.96 13 7.20 42.89 0.47 39.43 7.40 3.24 3.25 85.43 14.03 71.78 5.18 1.44 35586.73 7.07 38.30 99.45 0.89 11.92 173.52 1.29 0.96 14 6.91 39.21 0.47 32.65 6.54 2.88 2.96 75.49 10.61 57.89 5.80 1.30 31426.66 6.79 38.79 115.39 0.94 10.31 172.99 1.15 0.96 13 12.85 39.24 0.46 32.81 6.65 3.30 3.10 75.34 8.78 64.10 3.59 1.35 33418.05 8.29 28.40 86.22 0.89 9.93 134.17 1.14 0.86 12 8.98 38.03 0.41 31.40 6.42 3.07 2.82 74.37 12.62 62.42 5.30 1.30 30838.71 6.31 40.16 100.78 0.83 10.12 130.48 0.99 0.88 11 7.21 35.03 0.46 28.91 6.05 3.05 3.04 69.50 10.24 64.32 3.49 1.18 28193.63 8.99 29.16 87.15 0.73 9.34 108.84 1.08 0.81 11 What will happen to your data when you are gone? Ensuring that data generated today remains useful and relevant to the future of archaeology requires acknowledging the mortality of our laboratories... and of ourselves. Our work has led us to conclude that, if our data are to outlive us, archaeometry programs must adopt: { common standards } { metadata structures } { archiving policies } { open access } Credits Data by I. Perlman, F. Asaro, H. Michel, M. Artzy, and D. Bayewitz. digitization by K. Holland, A. Johnson, J. Masters, and K. Walton, and Quality control by B. Alex, E. Murren, C. Oswald. Production assistance from the National Science Foundation & digital antiquity. Artistic direction from M. kersulov. What will happen to your data when you are gone? Ensuring that data generated today remains useful and relevant to the future of archaeology requires acknowledging the mortality of our laboratories... and of ourselves. Our work has led us to conclude that, if our data are to outlive us, archaeometry programs must adopt: {common standards} {metadata structures} {archiving policies} {open access} Credits Data by I. Perlman, F. Asaro, H. Michel, M. Artzy, and D. Bayewitz. digitization by K. Holland, A. Johnson, J. Masters, and K. Walton, and Quality control by B. Alex, E. Murren, C. Oswald. Production assistance from the National Science Foundation & digital antiquity. Artistic direction from M. kersulov.