Energy and Power 2014, 4(3): 54-57
DOI: 10.5923/j.ep.20140403.02
Combustion Properties of Some Tropical Wood Species
and Their Pyrolytic Products Characterization
Adegoke O. A.
1,*
, Fuwape J. A.
2
, Fabiyi J. S.
2
1
Department of Wood and Paper Technology, Federal College of Forestry, Ibadan, Nigeria
2
Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
Abstract This paper evaluates the combustion properties of fuelwood and pyrolytic products from three selected
sawmill wood residues - Gmelina arborea, Terminalia superba and Triplochiton scleroxylon. Pyrolysis experiments were
performed at 450, 500 and 550°C. The percentage oil, pH, viscosities were considered. The highest yield of oil yield was at
550°C (45.70%) for Triplochiton scleroxylon out of the three sawmill wood residues. The analysis of variance conducted on
pyrolytic oil produced at 450, 500 and 550°C for the G. arborea, and T. scleroxylon showed no significant difference but
there were significant differences in the pH and viscosity of the pyrolytic liquid produced from selected wood species at the
same conversion temperatures. The result showed the proximate analysis of the selected wood residues with the ash content
(2.75, 2.61, and 3.57 %); fixed carbon (10.52, 12.07 and 10.23%); volatile (87.55, 85.48 and 86.46%) and heating value of
32792.75, 32691.56 and 32794.15 KJ/kg for Gmelina arborea, Terminalia superba and Triplochiton scleroxylon
respectively. Proximate analysis results showed that the selected wood residues have good potential for domestic cooking and
the characterized pyrolytic oil produced for biofuel production, most importantly for bioenergy sustainable system.
Keywords Combustion, Pyrolysis, Pyrolytic oil, Wood residues, Bioenergy
1. Introduction
Wood which is the dominant biomass used in energy
generation is a lignocellulosic biomass that is a clean
biomass. The products from wood comprises of slab, twigs,
leaves off-cut, branches, planks, boards, sawdust, among
others. Wood has been extensively studied because of its use
as a construction material [1, 2] and as fuel source [3].
Combustion properties of wood are also important because
of safety issues since it is one of the more commonly
available flammable materials. Based on its widely usage,
wood has been the major source of renewable energy for
developing countries The renewable energy source can play
a major role for sustainable development. The urgent need in
most developing countries like Nigeria is the migration to
sustainable energy system and one of the energy sources is
wood waste or sawmill residues which are regarded as waste
in many sawmills industries.
The availability of fossil fuels is limited, considering the
fact that the demand for energy from fossil fuel is growing at
high rate due to industrial development and is a major
contributing factor to energy crisis. The energy crisis and
fuel tension made biomass (forest residues) fast pyrolysis
* Corresponding author:
aolaoluwa.adegoke@gmail.com (Adegoke O. A.)
Published online at http://journal.sapub.org/ep
Copyright © 2014 Scientific & Academic Publishing. All Rights Reserved
liquefaction a more important area of research and
development [4-6]. In particular, the most advanced biomass
pyrolysis processes, oriented to the production of an organic
liquid fuel (referred to as bio-oil, bio-fuel-oil or bio-crude-oil,
pyrolytic oil), appear to be very interesting for several
possible energy application that can be envisaged for this
fuel.
The combustion property of selected tropical wood
species was considered investigated and its pyrolytic oil
characterization. This study became important in view of the
recent interest in the use of wood biomass, sawdust in
particular as waste. However, the study seeks to find a path
way of utilizing sawdust during the conversion of the wood
in sawmill as domestic wood fuel and bio-oil production thus,
minimizing waste and reducing global warming through
drastic burning [10].
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Samples Preparation
Gmelina (Gmelina arborea), Afara (Terminalia superba)
and Obeche (Triplochiton scleroxylon) wood residues
(sawdust) collected from a local sawmill located at Akure,
Ondo State, Nigeria were used as feedstock for the
production of pyrolysis oil. The sawdust was air-dried to
eliminate excess free water and prevent degradation by fungi.
The samples were later oven dried at a temperature of