International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications, 1(3), 1-15, July-September 2010 1  is prohibited. Keywords: Biomolecule, Biosensor, Giant Magnetoresistance, Magnetic Nanoparticles, Sensing INTRODUCTION The discovery of biosensors began in the early        on amperometric glucose detection using the        applications in industry, clinical diagnostics, and ecology. At the same time, biosensor sci- ence became an independent area of modern analytical chemistry involving approaches of Biosensor Based on Giant Magnetoresistance Material Mitra Djamal, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia Ramli, Institut Teknologi Bandung and Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia  Suprijadi, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia Khairurrijal, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia ABSTRACT In recent years, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors have shown a great potential as sensing elements  sensor, so that a magnetically labeled biomolecule can induce a signal. Compared with the traditional opti- cal detection that is widely used in biomedicine, GMR sensors are more sensitive, portable, and give a fully electronic readout. In addition, GMR sensors are inexpensive and the fabrication is compatible with the current VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) technology. In this regard, GMR sensors can be easily integrated with  demonstrate a comprehensive review on a novel approach in biosensors based on GMR material. biochemistry and physical chemistry. A biosen- sor is generally defined as an analytical device, which makes use of a biological molecular rec- ognition component connected to a transducer to generate a quantifiable electronic output signal, in response to a biological or chemical   Biosensors promise to provide analyti-  standard bacteriological methods used today for bacteria detection. Biosensors are analytical devices that respond selectively to analytes or bacteria by use of a combination of a biological 