Adapting Systems Engineering to the
Commercial Aviation Domain
Scott Jackson
jackson@burnhamststems.net
Abstract
This paper presents some alternative ways that the systems engineering process can be adapted
for the commercial aviation domain. In particular the paper addresses some of the more onerous
tasks normally performed in the military and aerospace domains. Among these processes are the
requirements process and the design review process. The unique aspects of regional jets are
explained. Other areas addressed are the organizational responsibilities in the commercial
domain in which many organizations traditionally perceived to be managerial and non-technical
have important roles in the systems engineering process. A final area addressed is supply chain
management in which systems engineering is seen to have an important roll in helping to reduce
the risks often seen in this process. The paper also suggests that these reforms could also result in
higher quality products in the military and aerospace domains. This paper is adapted from
selected parts of the book Systems Engineering for Commercial Aircraft by Scott Jackson
(Farnham: Ashgate, 2015) by permission of the publishers (Farnham: Ashgate, 2015). Copyright
© 2015.
Introduction
In the past designers in the commercial aircraft industry would have considered systems
engineering (SE) to be a foreign concept. If they knew about it, they would have considered it to
be unique to the military and space domains where the government had the time and money to
spend on what they considered onerous and costly. Yet the goals of SE were noble: It tried to
assure that all stakeholder needs were incorporated into the product and that the product actually
reflected these needs.
In the aircraft industry the dominant philosophy was people-focused design, not process
based design, and most of the designers were top-notch. Yet the demands on the designer were
overwhelming. Can a single designer know all the hundreds of requirements necessary to build a
single component? And how about design review? They were practically non-existent. In spite of
these limitations many good airplanes were built. But many of them had problems, usually minor,
sometimes major. The phrase “fly it and fix it” became common.
Since those days SE has gained ground in the commercial aircraft industry, not without some
pain. Many of the processes are still considered onerous, and often skipped. Sometimes SE is
restricted to a single discipline, such as avionics.