European Journal of Psychological Studies, 2015, Vol.(5), Is. 1
4
Copyright © 2015 by Academic Publishing House Researcher
Published in the Russian Federation
European Journal of Psychological Studies
Has been issued since 2014.
ISSN: 2312-0363
E-ISSN: 2409-3297
Vol. 5, Is. 1, pp. 4-8, 2015
DOI: 10.13187/ejps.2015.5.4
www.ejournal12.com
UDC 159
“Judging a эook by Its юover”х
A Legal Psychological Review on Target’s Physical ьppearance and Legal яecisions
1
Nkansah Anakwah
2
Brenya Wiafe-Akenten
3
Jacob Owusu Sarfo
4
Feikoab Parimah
1
University of Ghana, Ghana
Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, College of Humanities
E-mail: anaben.afrique@hotmail.com
2
University of Ghana, Ghana
Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, College of Humanities
E-mail: wabrenya@ug.edu.gh
3
All Nations University College, Ghana
Department of Nursing, School of Humanities and Sciences
E-mail: sarfojo@yahoo.com
4
University of Ghana, Ghana
Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, College of Humanities
E-mail: feikoabparimah@yahoo.com
Abstract
More often than not, people automatically make guilty inferences from physical appearance
despite little evidence for their accuracy. This has usually been extended to the criminal justice
system. Wrongful convictions have therefore not been uncommon in our society and people who
are culpable are sometimes exonerated. Sometimes it is not until innocent persons have finished
their sentence or executed before their innocence is known. Research in legal psychology has thus,
usually focused on physical characteristics and its impact on trustworthiness, and guilty decisions
and severity of sentences. This paper systematically reviewed studies on the influence of physical
characteristics on legal decisions so far. In addition, some recommendations have been proposed
for further research based on gaps identified from our analysis.
Keywords: Legal Decisions; Physical Appearance; Guilty; Offender; Victim; Suspect; Legal
Psychology.
Introduction
Issues about ‗appearance versus the reality‘ seem to permeate various issues of human livesй
These have been crucial in philosophical studies, legal system, political decisions, and even in the
business world. For example, facial appearance predicts decision makings including decisions on
whom to vote for during presidential and parliamentary elections (Todorov, Mandisodza, Goren, &
Hall, 2005). This can have many implications on lifelong developments and socioeconomic growth.