Soil & Environ. 27(2): 236-240, 2008
www.se.org.pk
Short Communication
Assessment of noise pollution from traffic in Faisalabad, its sensitivity
precision and statistical interpretation
M.Y. Hussain
1*
, Islam-ud-Din
2
, Inam-ul-Haq
1
, T. Hussain
1
, R. Shabbir
1
and S. Sattar
1
1
Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
2
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
Abstract
Noise pollution, at first attacks on the human auditory system, but other ailments like headache, hypertension,
depression, mental irritation, sleeplessness, restlessness, cardiovascular problems and so forth are also the noise-
based problems of modern era. The objective of this study was to make a general assessment of traffic noise
pollution in the “Katchehry Bazaar”, Faisalabad (one of the busiest roads of the city) to figure out the category of
noise pollution and a mathematical model for equivalent noise level which will help to make an assessment of noise
pollution only by asserting the parametric values in the model. At the observational site, the noise level was
measured at 5m from center of the road by using the NA-24 RION noise level meter. The number of vehicles was
counted to calculate T
eq
(Average traffic density/hour) on the road. The data were taken from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm at
a regular interval of 5 minutes. In order to remove the personal, random or systematic errors, this process was
repeated thrice in a week (i.e., Saturday, Sunday and Monday). Noise levels, L’s in dB(A), vehicle flow, T, were
observed and net traffic density, T
eq
, was also calculated. Mathematical models for L
eq
, L
10
, L
50
and L
90
for the
existing noise levels were developed and their calculated values were 93.5, 96.5, 90.3 and 79 dB(A), respectively. It
was, hence, found that the inhabitants living around this place were exposed for about 10-12 hours/day constantly
to the noise level which falls in the very bad category that have potential to hamper their healths.
Key words: Traffic noise, noise pollution, statistical noise level, statistical model
Faisalabad, the Manchester of Asia, is the third largest city
of Pakistan with an estimated population of 2,008,861 in
1998 with annual growth rate 3.58, according to the
Ministry of Economic Affairs and Statistics, Pakistan
(Population Census Organization, 1998). This city has been
progressing constantly for the last 35 years. Due to
consistent progress, the population of the city has increased
causing a huge structural development. As the number of
inhabitants has increased, so a huge amount of traffic has to
circulate in the city in order to meet their commuting
requirements.
The urban noise pollution and its consequences for the
environment have motivated researchers in several
countries to deal with this problem (Zannin et al., 2002).
This study presents the results obtained in a research
conducted for “Katchehry Bazaar” (one of the busiest
places in the heart of the Faisalabad city). The collected
data were analyzed statistically, in order to assess the
amount of noise to which the residents of this bazaar are
exposed. It has been concluded from the results that the
noise generated by the vehicular traffic is very annoying for
the local dwellers. Experts have reported that a continued
exposure to the noise above 85 dB(A) over time, causes
hearing loss and the louder the noise, the lesser the time
required for hearing loss.
The aim of this survey was to calculate the equivalent
and statistical noise levels, to determine the level of noise
emitted by the traffic through our designed mathematical
models based on the parameters of traffic flow and its
composition. The traffic noise was assessed by using the
noise level meter NA-24 RION, manufactured by RION
Co., Tokyo, Japan, having range 30-130 dB while placing it
1.5 m above the ground level and keeping at 5 m from the
centre of road (Givargis, 2009). At each time of noise level
meter’s reading, number of vehicles such as (Buses,
Mazdas, Rickshaws, Cars, Motorcycles, Motorcycle
Rickshaws (Qingqi), Oil Tankers, Jeeps, Pajeros etc.) were
also counted in order to check Teq (Net traffic
density/hour). These readings were taken from 7:00 am to
7:00 pm at a regular interval of 5 minutes. To minimize the
personal, random or systematic errors, this process was
repeated thrice in a week (on Saturday, Sunday and
Monday).
For each day, the number of auto vehicles which
passed the observation point during the time interval of
each measurement, the equivalent and statistical levels in
dB (A); L
eq
, L
10
, L
50
and L
90
emitted by the traffic were
measured. Some variables of the process were fixed for
representation of the collected data in a single matrix. In the
developed model, by entering the input data (vehicles flow,
*Email: myh_49@yahoo.co.uk
© 2008, Soil Science Society of Pakistan (http://www.sss-pakistan.org)