International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 02 | May-2015 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2015, IRJET.NET- All Rights Reserved Page 546
Effect of Short Polyamide Fiber on Impact Property of Polypropylene
Composite
Abduel Majid K. Najjar
1
, Adnan Agieli A. Aboulgasemb
2
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Al-Garabolli, Al-Mergeb University, Al-Mergeb-
Libya
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Academy of Higher Studies, Zanzaour-Libya
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Abstract -This work aimed at the investigation of the
effects of the addition of a short polyamide fiber and
carbon black powder on the impact strength and the
surface hardness of polypropylene composite. The
composite sheets were produced by using compression
mould technique at different processing temperatures
and times. The weight percentage of both polyamide
fiber and carbon black in the composite were varied.
The obtained results illustrated that processing
temperature and time had insignificant effects on the
surface hardness. The optimum fiber and carbon black
contents under the experimental conditions were
9.22% and 0.245%, respectively. Processing
temperature, fiber content and carbon black content
had a reverse effect on the impact strength of the
composite while the maximum value of the impact
strength of 23.63 Kj.m
-2
was recorded when the
composite heated up to 7 min. .
Key Words: Polypropylene composite, Polyamide
fiber, Melt flow index, Impact strength, Hardness.
1. INTRODUCTION
There is extremely need to carry out more studies on the
modification of polymer properties in order to extend
their applications. Polypropylene is among thermoplastic
polymers and has broad applications. Preference is given
to propylene for its bulk, inert nature and low density. It
has been used as a main matrix for fiber-reinforced
polypropylene composites. Synthetic fiber-reinforced
polypropylene composites have raised tremendous
interest among materials scientists and engineers in last
decades due to their desirable physical and mechanical
properties. Lately, we can observe their applications in
almost every industrial application; including
constructions, aerospace, automotives, marine, furniture,
carpet and blankets. Generally, synthetic fiber is known to
exhibit good mechanical properties and blending the fiber
with polymer matrix could lead to potential improvement
of some composite mechanical properties. Quazi and his
colleagues have reviewed the mechanical properties of
polypropylene composites containing synthetic or natural
fibers [1]. They have concluded that the mechanical
properties of polypropylene composite vary according to
fiber nature and content. In addition, synthetic
polypropylene fiber composites have greater mechanical
properties than that of natural polypropylene fibers
composites.
Impact strength and hardness are some of the mechanical
properties that are considered significant for fiber
reinforced polymer composites. Previous studies have
revealed how nature and type of fiber such as wood fiber
[2] plant and animal based natural fibers [3], natural lingo-
cellulose [4], jute fiber [5], flax fiber [6] affect the impact
property of polypropylene composite. These properties
also varied with processing temperature, processing time
and chemical composition [5]. Introduction of fiber plays
an important role in the impact resistance of the
composite as it interacts with the crack formation and act
as stress transferring medium [7]. Due to the fact that
synthetic fibers have the ability to absorb high energy
during impact than the natural fibers, Ruhul and his co-
workers have revealed poor fiber matrix adhesion for jute-
based composites when compared to that of the E-glass
fiber composites [8] .
Disadvantages of reinforcement of the polymers by
natural fibers resulted from biodegradation and UV-
degradation of natural fibers in long-term composite
applications, decomposition of natural fiber at relative
high processing temperatures and duration of thermal
exposure, in addition to high moisture absorption [5].
Biodegradability and moisture absorption characteristics
of the natural fibers could eliminate their application in
the polymer composites particularly in products intended
for long term use.
Strong fiber with high failure strain imparts high work of
fracture on the composite. The major drawback associated
with the use of fibers as reinforcement in polypropylene
matrix is mainly dependent on interfacial bonding
between the fiber and the polymer. Previously published
work showed that the addition of polyamide finer and
carbon black to polypropylene matrix has affected the