M.V.M. Salem et al. (Eds.): AIRS 2011, LNCS 7097, pp. 181–192, 2011.
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011
Searching for Islamic and Qur’anic Information
on the Web: A Mixed-Methods Approach
Rita Wan-Chik
*
, Paul Clough, and Nigel Ford
The Information School, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
{lip08rzw,p.d.clough,n.ford}@sheffield.ac.uk,
ritazaharah@miit.unikl.edu.my
Abstract. This paper seeks to understand and describe web searching patterns
for Islamic and Qur’anic information, an area receiving little attention in past
research. A mixed-methods approach has been taken to data collection utilizing
both quantitative and qualitative techniques. Query logs collected in 2006 from
the Microsoft Live search engine were analysed for Islamic-related terms.
Characteristics such as query frequency, term frequency, query length, and
session length were derived from the data. To complement these quantitative
data, interview data were collected from 25 users who had experienced
searching for Islamic and/or Qur’anic materials on the web. The interviews
gave a deeper understanding of aspects of information seeking including search
processes, challenges and opinions on locating Islamic and Qur’anic
information on the web.
Keywords: user studies, interactive IR, information seeking, query log analysis,
Islamic and Qur’anic information.
1 Introduction
Increasingly the Internet is being used as a common means of transmitting
information of a religious nature. Højsgaard and Warburg (2005) reported that by the
year 2004, there were approximately 51 million religious websites on the Internet
disseminating information and communicating with their followers. A number of
further studies have looked at how religions use Internet technologies in
disseminating their beliefs (Helland, 2000; Dawson & Cowan, 2004; Karaflogka,
2006). Members of religious communities use the Internet to undertake activities,
such as listening to sermons, asking for advice, networking and even shopping for
religious merchandise (Helland, 2002; Foltz & Foltz, 2003; Campbell, 2005a; Cheong
et al., 2009).
An area of increasing interest in the field of information seeking is the study of the
relationship between religion and Internet use (Campbell, 2005b; Krueger, 2005).
Studies have found that an important component of online religious activities is
*
Rita Wan-Chik is a lecturer at The Malaysian Institute of Information Technology, Universiti
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.