Assessing the Effects of Assortment and
Ambience: A Choice Experimental Approach
KITTY KOELEMEIJER
Nyenrode University
HARMEN OPPEWAL
University of Sydney
Elaborating on Betancourt and Gautchi, we formulate and test effects of consumption goal,
retail assortment composition, and other distribution services on in-store purchase deci-
sions. By using the extended logit model we explain the utility of an item as a function of
assortment characteristics, which allows capturing substitution, complementarity and
asymmetric dominance effects. A choice experiment manipulates assortment composition,
prices, store ambience, competing store features, and purchase goal. In an application to
florist stores we find that in-store purchase decisions are affected by the size and
composition of the assortment, and by the presence of a competing store, but not by
ambience. We find substitution effects between flowers of the same variety, but not for all
varieties. Effects differ between consumption goals.
Assortment composition is a key issue faced by retail store and category managers. Given
limited shelf space, which items should be added to or deleted from the assortment? How
will these and competitors’ assortment decisions affect total and individual item sales?
Management of assortments requires knowledge of substitution and complementarity
patterns among items in the assortment, as well as the effect of offerings from competing
stores. It also requires knowledge of the effects of other distribution services, such as store
ambience and accessibility, on these inter-item relationships.
Though a large literature exists on shopping models and consumer choice processes,
only a few articles apply to the issue of assortment composition and its effects on
consumer choice of assortment. Merchandise assortment has been consistently present as
one of the dimensions that constitute store image (see Mazurski and Jacoby 1986). Also,
models of consumer choice of shopping destination always seem to include a predictor
like choice range, selection, quality of the assortment and the like (see Oppewal, Louviere,
Kitty Koelemeijer is a research fellow at the Centre for Supply Chain Management of Nyenrode University,
Breukelen, The Netherlands. Harmen Oppewal is a senior lecturer at the Department of Marketing of The
University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia and an assistant professor at the Urban Planning Group of the
Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands.
Journal of Retailing, Volume 75(3) pp. 319 –345, ISSN: 0022-4359
Copyright © 1999 by New York University. All rights of reproduction in any form reserved.
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