TESOL Journal 34
TESOL Journal, Vol. 4(1), June 2011, ISSN 2094-3938
First Year College Students‟ Perception of
the Process Approach in Honing Critical
Writing Skills
Jose Cristina M. Parina
De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
TESOL Journal
Vol. 4(1), pp. 34-41
©2011
http://www.tesol-
journal.com
Abstract
Philippine writing classrooms are still generally following the product approach
since as a developing nation, this approach is still not feasible given the number
of students per class, size and poor condition of a classroom, and the non-
changing tradition of classroom teaching. Thus, the process approach being
adopted by DLSU is considered to be a major leap in teaching writing. Yet, due
to its novelty, Philippine textbooks on process approach is still scarce, thus
making the professors at DLSU adopt a mixture of different approaches and
trends. Eventually, this approach has failed to achieve the desired literacy due to
improper implementation. Thus, this rote approach became just another
uninspiring task to be fulfilled in every writing session by DLSU students. This
paper investigated how a holistic view, emphasizing writing as a recursive
process, is ineffective for second language learners, specifically first year college
students who are exposed to this approach for the first time. Different stages of
the process were discussed in terms of effectiveness in producing quality works.
Substantial evidence from 150 outputs shows that 80% of the stages are done for
compliance.
Keywords: Process Approach, Product Approach, Organizing Stage,
ENGLCOM, input
Introduction
Over Contemporary writing classrooms now emphasize the recursive or
the process approach to writing as a reaction to the usual product approach.
The process approach was defined by Tribble (1996, p. 160) as 'an approach to
the teaching of writing, which stresses the creativity of the individual writer, and
which pays attention to the development of good writing practices rather than
the imitation of models'. Accordingly, it is different from product approach to
writing where students hand in a paper out of a prompt provided by the teacher,
and at times only one draft is required. Jordan (1997) also believes that the
process approach evolved as a reaction to the product approach, in that it met
the need to match the writing processes inherent in writing in one's mother
tongue, and consequently allow learners to express themselves better as
individuals. This trend, which first became popular in the U.S., is now adopted
by many Asian classrooms. Yet, despite the reputation of this approach,
teaching writing still remains to be the most difficult area for SL and FL learners
of English.
Ideally, in a process approach, students are provided avenues to
brainstorm for ideas, draft their papers several times, edit, and revise according