Nguyen et al. Int. J. Res. Chem. Environ. Vol. 5 Issue 2 (1-8) April 2015
1
ISSN 2248-9649
International Journal of
Research in Chemistry and Environment
Available online at: www.ijrce.org
Research Paper
Fabrication and Photocatalytic Activity of Ag/TiO
2
Powder Immobilized TiO
2
Thin Film in Methyl Orange Mineralization
*
Trang T.T. Nguyen
1
, Vinh Q. Tran
2
, Khanh H. Nguyen
1
, Tan M. Nguyen
3
, Nam T.H. Le
2
1
Department of Environmental Enhancement Solutions, Institute of Environmental Technology,
18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, VIETNAM
2
Department of Green Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, VIETNAM
3
School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet, Hanoi, VIETNAM
(Received 22
nd
January 2015, Accepted 08
th
March 2015)
Abstract: TiO
2
thin film and Ag/TiO
2
powder immobilized TiO
2
thin film were synthesized by dip-coating technique
on glass substrate. Fabricated thin films were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission
scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Photocatalytic activities of the films were evaluated by the decomposition
reaction of methyl orange under UV radiation according to the first-order rate constant k. The experimental results
indicated that the initial concentration of the dye solution influenced the decolourization of azo dye methyl orange
and the addition of catalyst powder into the TiO
2
sol improved the efficiency of the photocatalytic process of pure
TiO
2
thin film. The mineralization of methyl orange was confirmed by chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total
organic carbon (TOC) measurements.
Keywords: Ag/TiO
2
catalyst, methyl orange, mineralization, thin film, UV irradiation.
© 2015 IJRCE. All rights reserved
Introduction
Textile industry wastewater with high
pollutant concentrations contains many chromophore
organic compounds which possess durable, difficult
biodegradable structure and is highly toxic to humans
and animals. If the contamination sources are not
handled, they will cause serious environmental
pollution, destruction of aquatic ecosystems and
destroy the self-cleaning ability of the receiving water
body. Some dyes with cyclic structures containing azo
groups are cancer-causing agents
[1,2]
.
In recent years, TiO
2
semiconductor
photocatalysis has been applied to important issues
such as environmental decontamination of water and
air
[3-5]
. When particles of TiO
2
semiconductor are
illuminated by UV radiation with energies greater than
the band-gap energy of the semiconductor, they will
produce electron-hole (e
-
/h
+
) pairs. These e
-
/h
+
pairs
can move to the surface of the TiO
2
particles to initiate
the redox reactions of organic compounds adsorbed on
TiO
2
surface. In most cases, this redox process leads to
complete mineralization of organic matter to CO
2
and
H
2
O
[6-8]
. Some techniques of metal ion and non-metal
ion doping are employed to alter electronic structure
and optical properties of TiO
2
in order to extend
photoresponse of TiO
2
into the visible light region and
slow down the recombination rate of photo-generated
e
-
/h
+
pairs. The metal ions often used for doping
process are Fe, Zn, V, Cr, Cu, Co, Pt, Au, Ag, etc
[9-11]
.
The oxidation method using nano TiO
2
photochemical catalyst revealed many advantages in
the field of textile industry wastewater treatment
because of the complete destruction and elimination of
organic contaminants in the environment
[12,13]
. The use
of TiO
2
photocatalytic powder has some disadvantages
that the particles are aggregated at high concentration,
the catalysts must be separated from the treated water
and reuse of catalyst is complex
[14,15]
. The
manufacture and use of catalyst film will overcome the
above drawbacks thus increasing the applicability of