Research in Post-Compulsory Education
Vol. 13, No. 3, October 2008, 251–266
ISSN 1359-6748 print/ISSN 1747-5112 online
© 2008 Further Education Research Association
DOI: 10.1080/13596740802354252
http://www.informaworld.com
Leadership skills of first-year students at public universities in Jordan
Aieman Ahmad Al-Omari*, Abdullah Mohammad Abu Tineh and Samer Mohammad
Khasawneh
Faculty of Educational Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
Taylor and Francis RPCE_A_335592.sgm
(Received 17 January 2008; final version received 23 July 2008)
10.1080/13596740802354252 Research in Post-Compulsory Education 1359-6748 (print)/1747-5112 (online) Original Article 2008 Taylor & Francis 13 3 000000October 2008 Aieman AhmadAl-Omari aieman66@hotmail.com
The purpose of this study was to examine the pre-college leadership skills of first-year
students and examine differences by gender on eight distinct scales. The Student
Leadership Outcomes Inventory defined these eight scales. A total of 296 participants
were chosen to participate in the study from a population of all first-year students at a
public university in Jordan. Participants reported moderate levels of leadership skills on
all eight scales. However, differences by gender were found on the technology scale of
the instrument. Overall, it would seem that students matriculate with some intact
leadership skills. Administrators might use this baseline skill level when designing
leadership development opportunities for students.
Keywords: leadership; leadership skills; students; public universities; Jordan
Introduction
Colleges and universities are focusing on graduating students who will succeed in careers
(Braxton et al. 1991; Erwin 1991; Quinn 2004). Colleges and universities have recognised
that most high-paying jobs require a college degree and they have adjusted their curricula
to reflect the skills needed to earn these jobs (Carnevale 2001). To accomplish this, institu-
tions have explored what skills and experiences employers value so that they can provide
those skill sets and experiences for students. To some degree the skills and experiences
employers seek vary by study. Nevertheless, employers seem to seek certain skills across
disciplines such as reading, writing, creative thinking, personal management, group effec-
tiveness, organisational effectiveness and leadership (Attinasi 1992a; Grogger and Eide
1994; Kerka 1990; Mittelhauser 1998). In general, employers look for students who have
completed a bachelor’s degree and possess a broad skill set (Aksoy 1998).
Many employers specifically seek leadership skills among the graduates they hire (Gale
2002; Gerber 2003; Kerka 1990; Stronge 1998; Santosus 2003). In general, employers are
more interested in students who are leaders (van Linden and Fertman 1998). A study at
Florida State University also found that employers feel it is important for graduates to have
leadership experience (Reardon et al. 1998).
The literature on leadership skills has also focused on college students (Chambers 1992;
Cooper et al. 1994; Cox and Miranda 2003; Cress et al. 2001; Graham and Cockriel 1997;
Romero-Aldaz 2001; Skeat 2000; Striffolino and Saunders 1988; Turrentine 2001). This
has been due in great part to the belief that the development of leadership skills is one
responsibility of higher education.
*Corresponding author. Email: aieman66@hotmail.com