‘WEAK’ SELF-INTEGRATION:
JÜRGEN MOLTMANN’S ANTHROPOLOGY
AND THE ‘POSTMODERN SELF’
ANTE JERONCIC
Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI, USA
INTRODUCTION
The principal concern of this article is to explore the correlation of Jürgen Moltmann’s
theological anthropology and the idea of self-fragmentation as evidenced in postmodern nar-
rations of human identity. To begin with, I will attend to two radically different valuations of
self-fragmentation as exemplified, among others, by Jean Baudrillard and Gianni Vattimo
respectively. While the former frames his account of the ‘death of self’ within a tragic vision of
the hyperreal, the latter lauds the polymorphism of contemporary selfhood for embodying the
syntax of emancipatory nihilism – the ultimate coup of pensiero debole (‘weak thought’), so to
speak. My intention in setting up this broad taxonomy is to provide a specific exploratory angle
from which to engage Moltmann’s conception of the promissory self in the context of the
present problematic. More specifically, I will suggest that Moltmann’s particular account of
‘weak’ self-realization plays a mediating role between the stated approaches. That is to say, a
particular dialectic of positive and negative valuation of self-fragmentation is operative in
Moltmann’s anthropology, giving his approach a unique cast. While being mindful of the fact
that Moltmann’s delineation of human identity is multi-faceted and thus resistant to simple
reductionisms, I will delimit my discussion in this article by focusing on the mutually informing
concepts of hope, Gestalt formation, and ‘spirituality of life’ in order to elaborate and further
define important concepts found in his theological approach.
THE HYPHENATED SELF
Raymond Martin and John Baresi in their helpful study The Rise and Fall of Soul and Self
present us with a punctilious account of intellectual and cultural factors that have precipitated
the demise of the unified self in the post-Kantian era. For a variety of factors, not least of which
had been the rapid rise of psychology, the need gradually emerged, so they argue, to refer to the
self in mostly compound terms; terms such as ‘self-image, self-conception, self-discovery, . . .
self-acceptance, self-reference, self-modeling, self-consciousness, self-interest, . . . and self-
actualization’.
1
Martin and Baresi conclude that ‘by the end of the twentieth century the unified
self had died the death if not of a thousand qualifications, then of a thousand hyphenations’.
2
To
paraphrase a sentence from the iconic movie Matrix, ‘Welcome to the desert of the real (self).’
I don’t think that Martin and Baresi would want to intimate here that deconstructive con-
struals of the self are universally shared; they plainly are not. What they do succeed in doing,
HeyJ LV (2014), pp. 244–255
© 2012 The Author. The Heythrop Journal © 2012 Trustees for Roman Catholic Purposes Registered. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 9600
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