Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2013) 2(12): 89-103 89 Original Research Article Co-infection of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected people: case study of Nsukka M.E.Dibua Uju 1 , G.E.Odo 2 and C.Obukwelu 3 1,3 Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Nsukka 2 Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Introduction With an estimated 3,459,363 people living with HIV in 2012, Nigeria was reported to carry the second heaviest burden of HIV, with 88,864 new infections occurring in the year ended 2011 and 217,148 AIDS related deaths (Global AIDS s response Country Progress Report Nigeria GARPR 2012). Inspite of limited information on the prevalence of the triple coinfection with HIV, HBV and HCV in Nigeria, some evidence-based reports have been documented on HBV - HIV co-infection (Halim et al., 1992; Baba et al., 1998) and HIV /HBV-HCV co-infection in low risk group (Egah et al., 2007). A high prevalence of hepatitis B and C coinfection among HIV positive pregnant women was similarly reported in Enugu ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 2 Number 12 (2013) pp. 89-103 http://www.ijcmas.com Keywords HIV; Hepatitis B and C; Co-infection. HIV, HBV and HCV are major public health concerns because of shared routes of transmission; HIV-HCV coinfection and HIV-HBV coinfection are common. HIV- positive individuals are at risk of coinfection with HBV and HCV infections. This study aimed to examine HBV and HCV coinfection serologically in HIV-positive patients. This descriptive case study was carried out on 350 patients, of which 100 where HIV-positive patients: 210 males and 140 females in Nsukka community, Enugu state, to survey coinfection with HBsAg and anti-HCV. The demographic data of the subjects was collected and the patients' serums were analyzed by Test Kit and ELISA kit for HIV, HBsAg and anti-HCV. The collected data was analyzed with ANOVA. Fisher's exact test with 1% error intervals was used to measure the correlation of variables and infection rates. The results of the study indicated that the prevalence of coinfection in HIV-positive patients with hepatitis viruses was 30% (30 in 100), out of whom 20 (20%) cases were HBsAg positive, 10 (10%) cases were anti-HCV positive, and 4 (4%) cases were both HBsAg and anti- HCV positive. There was a significant correlation between coinfection with HCV and HBV among HIV-positive patients depending on different variables including sex, age, occupation, marital status, CD 4+ cell count.