Basic Parts of a Sewing Machine and Their Funcons : The basic structure of sewing machine is the same whether it is hand-operated sewing, treadle sewing machine or electric sewing machine. The basic parts of a sewing are listed below and seen in Fig. 1.Spool pin: It is fied on top of the arm to hold the reel. 2.Thread guide: It holds the thread in posion from the spool to the needle. 3.Tension disc: The two concave discs put together with the convex sides facing each other. The thread passes between the two. The tension of the thread is adjusted by a spring and nut which increases or decreases pressure 4.Take up lever: It is a lever fied to the body of the arm. Its up and down moon feeds the thread to the needle and ghtens the loop formed by the shule. 5.Needle bar: This is a steel rod to hold the needle at one end with the help of a clamp. Its main funcon is to give moon to the needle. 6.Bobbin case: This moves into posion to catch the top thread and form the stch as the needle is lowered into the bobbin chamber. 7.Presser foot: It is fixed to the presser bar to hold the cloth firmly in posion when lowered. 8.Presser foot liſter: A lever aached to the presser bar for raising and lowering the presser foot. 9.Stch regulator: This controls the length of the stch. 10.Bobbin winder: A simple mechanism used for winding thread on the bobbin. 11.Fly Wheel: When this is made to revolve, it works the mechanism of the moon 12.Clutch or Thumb Screw: This is in the center of the fly wheel and it engages and disengages the stching mechanism. 13.Slide Plate: A rectangular plate, which facilitates the removal of the bobbin case without liſting the machine. 14.Needle Plate or Throat Plate: A semi-circular disc with a hole to allow the needle to pass through it. 15.Feed dog: This consists of a set of teeth fied below the needle plate. It helps to move the cloth forward while sewing. 16.Face plate: A cover which on removal gives access to the oiling points on the needle bar, presser bar and take- up lever. 17.Spool pin for bobbin winding: Spool of thread is placed on this at the me of bobbin winding. Parts of a Sewing Machine