Research Article
Peanut Husk Filled Polyethylene Composites:
Effects of Filler Content and Compatibilizer on Properties
Henry C. Obasi
Federal University of Technology, PMB 1526, Owerri 460221, Imo State, Nigeria
Correspondence should be addressed to Henry C. Obasi; neduobasi35@yahoo.com
Received 31 May 2015; Revised 4 August 2015; Accepted 10 August 2015
Academic Editor: Jos´ e R. d’Almeida
Copyright © 2015 Henry C. Obasi. his is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Agrowaste biocomposites were obtained using peanut husk iller and LDPE. he efects of agroiller content and compatibilizer on
the mechanical and biodegradable properties of the composites have been discussed. Mechanical and biodegradable behaviour of
LDPE became noticeably worse when it was blended with agroiller, due to poor compatibility between the two phases. he presence
of MAPE in the composites and its compatibility with the agroiller, led to much better dispersion and homogeneity of agroiller
in the matrix and consequently to improved properties. Water absorption and thickness swelling indices increased with increasing
iller content and were reduced on addition of MAPE. Furthermore, weight loss of composites via enzymatic degradation showed
that both composites were biodegradable even at high levels of iller addition. However, composites with MAPE exhibited lower
weight loss.
1. Introduction
he geometric increase in the prices of raw materials,
especially those obtained from oil and natural gas sector,
and the attendant obnoxious efects of their use on the
environment have triggered the strong desire in the use of
raw materials from botanical resources partly or wholly for
the production of plastic products. he polymers obtained
from this class of raw materials (petrochemicals) are not
easily degraded and form major sources of municipal solid
wastes. hese polymeric wastes pose a great threat to the
environment because of their nondegradability and microbial
resistance. he time many synthetic polymers will take to
fully decompose is estimated to be around 50 decades and,
during the period, natural phenomena may be inluenced by
the presence of these materials [1].
In order to solve the problems generated by these plastics
wastes, many attempts have been made to obtain an envi-
ronmentally friendly material. Over the past few decades,
researches are focused on substitution of the petroleum-
based plastics with biodegradable materials having similar
properties and being inexpensive. Biodegradable plastics
could be obtained from synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl
alcohol, polycaprolactone, and polylactic acid or from natural
resources such as cellulose, starch, and chitin. Recently,
the use of waste agricultural biomass from diferent plant
sources to prepare biodegradable composites with varying
properties has been studied [2–7]. he use of agrowaste illers
in making polymer composites is necessitated due to the
competitiveness of natural iber with consumable crops for
land use. hese agrowastes are abundant, cheap, renewable,
and completely biodegradable. Agrowaste illers when used
to reinforce the composites ofer reasonable beneits when
compared to mineral illers [8, 9]: light weight, being strong
and rigid, being environmentally friendly, being economical,
being renewable, and being abundant. hese agrowaste com-
posites ofer excellent engineering properties and provide a
plausible environmental solution to handle municipal waste
disposal.
However, like other natural plant based resources,
agrowaste illers have high moisture absorption tendency,
have poor surface adhesion to hydrophobic polymers, are
not suitable for high temperature applications, and have
susceptibility to fungal and insect attack. Presently, there
have been myriads of research works on the combinations of
agrowastes such as palm kernel shell [10], cocoa pod husk [2],
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Journal of Polymers
Volume 2015, Article ID 189289, 9 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/189289