1 Espacestemps.net Penser les humains ensemble. Brain, Mind and Society. Par Mathieu Arminjon, Vincent Barras, Emilie Bovet, Cynthia Kraus, Francesco Panese, Vincent Pidoux, Nicholas Stücklin et Delphine Preissmann. Le Tuesday 16 December 2014 Illustration : Nathanial Burton-Bradford, « fMRI “me” 2 », 20.05.2012, Flickr (licence Creative Commons). Since the 1990s, which was proclaimed the “Decade of the brain” in the US by former president George Bush Sr., the rise of neuroscience has been considered a major scientific, historical, discursive, political, cultural and even mediatic event in western society (Rose and Abi-Rashed 2013). Countless symposiums and publications of all sorts have been produced regarding the relationship between the brain and the human subject [1] . Since then, the field of neuroscience has benefitted from massive investments, both financial and symbolic[2], in order to promote scientific research aimed at “defeating brain disease” (including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, vascular cerebral accidents, autism and schizophrenia) as well as “[enhancing] public awareness of the benefits of brain research” (“ Presidential Proclamation 6158 ”, July 17, 1990). More recently, president Barack Obama inaugurated the “Century of the Brain” with a publicly funded research programme called the B.R.A.I.N. Initiative (Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies), which links therapeutic advances and brain mapping, techno-scientific innovations and job creation (“Fact Sheet : BRAIN Initiative”, White House Office of the Press Secretary, April 2, 2013). Brain research has therefore been developed and renewed within a Espacestemps.net - 1 / 7 - 29.06.2015